189 



The pandemicity of malarial fever may be partly accounted for 

 by the longevity of the insect host, associated with its resistance 

 to protozoan invasion. Stegomyia fasciata {calojMs) infected with 

 protozoa may hve 154 days, but if it harboured microfilaria, a maxi- 

 mum of 17 days was observed. 



Blshopp (F. C). The Stable Fly : How to prevent its Annoyance and 

 its Losses to Live-stock. — U.S. Dept. Agric, Waahimjlon, B.C., 

 Farmers' Bull. 1097, April 1920, 23 pp., 11 figs. [Received 30th 

 August 1920.] 



This is a revision of an earlier bulletin dealing with the life-history 

 and habits of Stoiiioxys calcitrcms, L. The best methods of protecting 

 live-stock from this fly are discussed [R.A.E., B, i, 96]. The Hodge 

 fly-trap, specially designed for catching this pest, is described in detail. 

 Since straw stacks have been found to be the chief breeding places of 

 S. calcitrans in the grain belt, particulars are given of the best methods 

 of disposal of straw and chaff and of making stacks. 



Johnston (T. H.) & Bancroft (M. J.). Notes on the Biology of 

 some Queensland Flies. — Mern. Queensland 31 us., Brisbane, vii, 

 pt. l,.30th June 1920, pp. 31-43, 48 figs. 



The species dealt with include Musca terraereginae, sp. n., the eggs 

 of which are laid in cow-dung and horse-dung, and hatch in less than 

 24 hours. The larvae moult twice at intervals of 24 hours. Under 

 laboratory conditions pupation takes place in damp sand after about 

 5 to 7 days. The pupal stage lasts from 7 to 10 days. This fly is 

 parasitised by a flagellate, probably Herjjetomonas muscaedotnesticae, 

 and by the Nematodes Hahronema muscae, H. megastoma, and Agamo- 

 spirura muscanmi. 



Musca liilli, sp. n., is occasionally found on horses and cattle, and 

 is very similar in its habits to M. terraereginae. The larval stage 

 occupies from 5 to 6 days and the pupal stage from 6 to 9 days, making 

 a total of from 11 to 15 days, in January and February. It is parasitised 

 by Habronema muscae and H. megastoma. 



Other species dealt with include Eumusca vetustissima, Wlk. ; 

 Vioiparomuscafergusoni, J. & B. ; StenojJterina gigas, Macq. ; Muscina 

 stabulans, Fall., which has been bred from rotting potatoes ; Phaonia 

 personata, Wlk. ; and Sapromyza fuscicornis, Macq. 



Wise (K. S.). Malaria, the Problem of British Guiana. — Brit. Guiana 

 Med. Annual for 1919 {22nd Year), Demerara, 1919, pp. 1-28. 



Malaria control in British Guiana consists essentially in limiting 

 the breeding of Anopheline mosquitos, and this is far from impossible, 

 though exceptional conditions favourable to Anopheles obtain. The 

 inhabited area is a flat plain ; the soil is a heavy clay inpermeable 

 to water ; the land level is 4-5 feet below high spring tides and therefore 

 difficult to drain ; the rainfall is heavy — 80 to 120 inches per annum ; 

 there is a uniformly warm temperature all the year round — 70° to 90° 

 F. ; there are everywhere irrigation channels ; and vegetation is 

 abundant. 



Practical measures therefore resolve themselves into eliminating 

 the grass or eliminating the water. 



