204 



any chemical activity towards arsenic, viz.: — the earlier described 

 Bacterium arsefioxydans [R.A.E., B, viii, G] which oxidises arsenite 

 to arsenate, and B. arsenreducens [loc. cit., viii, 7] which reverses this 

 process. The others were merely tolerant. There is no discernible 

 relationship between arsenate reduction and nitrate reduction. 



Arsenite-resistant bacteria are infrequent in soil, but fairly common 

 in faeces. About 10 per cent, of the bacterial count of fresh stable 

 manure were found moderately tolerant and about 1 per cent, highly 

 tolerant. In dipping-tanks an automatic enriching of resistant faecal 

 bacteria, and suppression (or metamorphosis ?) of sensitive forms 

 takes place. 



Bedfoed (G. A. H.). Anoplura from South African Hosts. Part II.— 



— Union of S. Africa Dept. Agric, 7th and 8th Reps. Direct. Vet. 

 Res., April 7918, Cape Town, 1920, pp. 709-734, 7 plates. 



Part I of this paper has been already noticed [R.A.E., B, viii, 9]. A 

 further new species is Linognathoides faurei from a ground squirrel 

 [Geosciurus capensis). Notes are also given on the sub-order Mallo- 

 phaga, of which a number of new species are described. 



WiLKiNS (S. D.) & DuTCHER (R. A.). Limbemeck in Poultry. — Jl. 

 Amer. Vet. Med. Assoc, Washington, D.C., Ivii, N.S. x, no. 6, 

 September 1920, pp. 653-685, 9 figs. 



The only positive results attained in various attempts to produce 

 limberneck in chickens came from feeding them on larvae of Lucilia 

 caesar that had fed upon the dead bodies of infected chickens or on 

 those of paralysed pigs. 



The experiments also indicated that symptoms of Hmberneck are 

 not comparable with those of polyneuritis (avian beri-beri) brought 

 about by dietary deficiencies, nor to the symptoms of Bacillus hotulinus 

 poisoning in chickens. It was, moreover, not possible to produce 

 limberneck symptoms in poultry by feeding with and injecting the 

 toxins produced by three different strains of Bacillus hotulinus. 

 The strains were, however, toxic to guinea-pigs. 



It was impossible to produce limberneck symptoms by feeding 

 the chickens with common salt, paint skins (lead poisoning), smut 

 or tainted meat. 



Larvae of CaUiphora vomiforia, Musca domestica and Lucilia caesar 

 that developed from eggs laid upon fresh beef, were not toxic when 

 eaten by chickens, nor were larvae of the first two species that had 

 developed on limberneck carcases. 



Adequate diets do not protect poultry from limberneck. 



The body temperature of chickens falls below normal in Bacillus 

 hotulinus poisoning, and in polyneuritis, but this was not observed'in 

 limberneck. 



Gallagher (B. A.). Rose-Chafer Poisoning in Chickens. — Jl. Amer. 

 Vef. Med. Assoc, Washington, B.C., Ivii, N.S. x, no. 6, September 

 1920, pp. 692-695. 



A part of the matter contained in this paper on the poisonous effect 

 of Macrodactylus suhspinosus when eaten by chickens, and on its 



