the species of the genus Musca [see this Review, Ser. B, iv, p. 172]. In 

 the present one nearly all the species enumerated in this key are 

 described. 



SiNTON (Capt. J. A.). A Trematode Parasite of Anopheline Mosquitos. 



• — Indian Jl. Med. Research, Calcutta, v, no. 1, July 1917, 

 pp. 192-194, 1 plate. [Received 27th October 1917.] 



In 1914, while dissecting mosquitos for malaria j)arasites, an encysted 

 Trematode was found in a number of Anophelines, of which Anopheles 

 funestus var. listoni was the most commonly infested, while A. culici- 

 facics frequently harboured the parasite. No Culicines were found 

 to be infested. The parasite was present in both sexes of the mosquito, 

 and was also found in the larvae of A. culicifacies and A. wilhnori. 

 Male mosquitos were found to be considerably more heavily infested 

 than females, a possible explanation being that the deleterious results 

 produced by a heavy infestation of the larva so act on its growth as 

 to cause a tendency for such a larva to develop into a male. 



The parasite in slight infestations forms cysts in the abdomen, but 

 may also involve the thorax. It is apparently similar to a species of 

 Agamodistomuni described by Matirano in 1901 in Anopheles claviger 

 and to a similar parasite described by Alessandrini in 1909 in 

 A. macnlipennis. These authors thought that the alternate host might 

 be a bat, but it is more probably some insectivorous bird mth aquatic 

 habits, such as the wag-tail. A table shows the frequency of occurrence 

 of the i^arasite in the species of Anopheles examined. 



SiNTON (Capt. J. A.). The Anopheline Mosquitos of the Kohat District. 



Indian Jl. Med. Research, Calcutta, v, no. 1, July 1917, pp. 195- 

 209. [Received 27th October 1917.] 



An investigation was carried out during the summer months of 

 1914 and 1915 in and around the Kohat Cantonment, North- West 

 Frontier Province, the results of which are somewhat incomplete owing 

 to the exigencies of military service. The area investigated is in a 

 valley, at an altitude of 1,725 ft., where cultivation is almost entirely 

 dependent upon irrigation. The smaller irrigation ditches leading to the 

 fields and running through privately-owned land, where they are often 

 overgrown and leaky, form ideal breeding-places for mosquitos. 



The following species, which are given in the order of their abundance, 

 are recorded with notes on their habits, seasonal prevalence and 

 breeding-places : A. stephensi, Liston ; A. culicifacies, Giles ; A. rossi, 

 Giles ; A. funestus var. listoni, Liston ; A. rhodesiensis, Theo. ; 

 A. maculipalpis, Giles ; A. pulcherrimus, Theo. ; A. turkhudi, Liston ; 

 A. fuliginosus, Giles ; A. nursei, Theo. ; A. willmori, James. Of these, 

 six species have been proved to be malaria-carriers in nature, viz., 

 A. culicifacies, A. funestus var. listoni, A. fuliginosus, A. macidipalpis, 

 A. stephensi and A. willmori, while A. turkhudi and A. rossi have been 

 experimentally infected in the laboratory. It is therefore not 

 surprising that malaria is very prevalent in the district. A chart, 

 compiled from the records of the Kohat Laboratory, shows the seasonal 

 prevalence of benign and malignant malaria and the relative frequency 

 of A. stephensi and of A. funestus var. listoni combined with A. culici- 

 facies. Owing to the similarity of curve shown in the chart, it is 



