15 



The disease usually begins at the root of the tail and may spread 

 over the entire body, with the exception of the lower part of the legs. 

 A crust, due to the thick fluid secreted, forms over the skin, beneath 

 which the mites multiply. 



Treatment consists either of thorough hand applications, or the 

 immersion of the animal in a dipping vat. The first method is 

 applicable in the case of domesticated animals in small herds, the 

 animal first being clipped and the crusts removed by means of soap 

 and hot water, followed by the immediate application of a dressing 

 such as creolin, tobacco, sulphur, petroleum, or vegetable tar. The 

 mixture recommended consists of sulphur (2 lb.), oil of tar (8 oz.) and 

 raw linseed oil (1 gal.), gradually heated together but not boiled, and 

 applied at a temperature of 110° to 120° ; this application should be 

 repeated in ten days after washing off the previous one. The best 

 mixture for dipping is composed of flowers of sulphur (24 lb.), fresh 

 unslaked lime (10 lb.) and water (100 gals.), and requires very careful 

 preparation. The lime is first carefully slaked and made into a paste, 

 into which the sulphur is thoroughly mixed, the whole being then 

 added to boiling water and w^ell boiled and stirred for at least two hours. 

 The liquid is then drawn off and water added to make 100 gals., the 

 animals being held in this for two minutes or longer at a temperature 

 of 110° to 115° F., during which period all crusts or scabs should be 

 loosened by means of a hoe or stifi brush, the treatment being repeated 

 in not less than 10 nor more than 15 days. The best results are 

 obtained by the use of the cage vat, the animal being driven into the 

 cage, which is then lowered into the vat by block and tackle and held 

 there the desired length of time, but the swimming vat must of 

 necessity be used when stock in large numbers has to be dealt with. 



Mange first appeared in southern Alberta in 1893, and in 1895 two 

 vats were erected ; these, however, gave such indifferent results that 

 in 1904 the Veterinary Director- General required some 1,900 townships 

 in southern Alberta and south-west Saskatchewan to have all their 

 animals dipped under supervision. Conditions have improved to such 

 an extent that there are now only 1,100 townships affected by the 

 order, and the number of these will be reduced very shortly. 



Macfie (J. W. S.). Report of the Accra Laboratory for the Year 1916j 



London, 11th February 1917, pp. 7-30, 2 plates, 8 figs. [Received 

 13th November 1917.] 



In the examination of various animals at the laboratory during 

 1916, a few trypanosomes were found in the blood of a reedbuck which 

 may have been either T. pecaudi, the common cattle species, or 

 T. gambiense, the human parasite, and the same polymorphic 

 trypanosomes were found in a dog. One of two horses examined 

 yielded T. vivax, and the other T. congolense, while one mule examined 

 was infected with what was probably T. pecaudi. Six black rats 

 examined yielded T. lewisi, and the piroplasm, Nuttallia decumani, was 

 found in four black rats and two field rats. 



In 1916, as in the previous year, Stegomyia fasciata was the species 

 of mosquito the larvae of which were most frequently collected from 

 the compounds, being abundant at all seasons of the year. Of all 

 West African mosquitos, this is the one that is most independent of 



