33 



a teaspoonful to a tablespoonful is poured into each ear, according to 

 the size of the animal, after well stirring the mixture. On badly 

 infested farms it may be necessary to repeat the treatment every two 

 or three weeks, or even every week, but usually one treatment a month 

 is sufficient. Infested animals should be treated before removal from 

 one farm to another. An accessory measure is the keeping of animals 

 on the veld instead of in sheds, which, being usually built of large, 

 loosely packed bricks of cow- dung, afford excellent breeding places for 

 the ticks and are practically incapable of disinfection, the only method 

 possible being the closing and abandonment of them for a period of at 

 least two years. 



KiLEY (W. A.). Animal Parasites and Rural Sanitation. — Ninth Ann. 

 Rept. Quebec Soc. Protection Plants from Insects <& Fungous Dis., 

 1916-1917 ; Quebec, 1917, pp. 99-109, 9 figs. 



In discussing animal parasites and the nature of their injury to the 

 host, the author draws attention to possible dangers from domesticated 

 animals, which harbour a long list of both external and internal 

 parasites that may be conveyed by them to man. It is suggested that 

 modern sanitary knowledge demands a change in the public attitude 

 toward •; the keeping of these animals. 



LocHHEAD (W.). Near Relatives of Insects Injurious to Plants and 

 Animals. — Ninth Ann. Rept. Quebec Soc. Protection Plants from 

 Insects <fc Fungous Bis., 1916-1917 ; Quebec, 1917, pp. 138-144. 



This paper gives a brief resume of various pests, including a number 

 of mites and ticks affecting man, cattle and poultry. 



Van Hoof (L.). Note pr61iminaire sur la Fievre r^currente parmi les 

 Troupes beiges dans TEst Africain Allemand. [Preliminary Note 

 on Relapsing Fever among the Belgian Troops in German East 

 Ahicai.]—Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, x, no. 9, 10th November 

 1917, pp. 786-791. 



This paper records observations on an epidemic of relapsing fever 

 among French colonial troops in the north of German East Africa. A 

 great number of the soldiers were natives of Congolese provinces, where 

 the disease is practically non-existent, and contracted it in Ruanda 

 and Urundi where it attacks all natives indiscriminately. These local 

 natives having been bitten by ticks from their infancy and suffering 

 constant re-infection acquire an immunity against the bite of 

 Ornithodorns moubata that renders the tick almost innocuous to 

 them. It is known also that the disease is less serious when contracted 

 in infancy. Many treatments were tried for this malady, the results 

 shoAving that it is possible to arrest the fever by the use of drugs, if 

 applied during the first attack, when the first spirochaetes are 

 discovered, but that these are useless in the second or later attacks, the 

 spirochaete of relapsing fever being the most resistant to arsenic. In 

 such cases mercurial salts have given the only satisfactory results. 



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