56 



witliin 10-15 minutes at a temperature of 104° F., as soon as the air is 

 saturated with the vapour, which has great penetrative power, so that 

 Hce placed in a buttoned-up pocket of thick material are not protected. 

 Bed-bugs and flies also succumb within a few minutes. Cholera vibrios, 

 and the bacilh of dysentery and typhus are totally destroyed by a 

 two-hours exposure at 177° F., while anthrax spores require four 

 hours. The naphthahne adhering to the treated articles is easily 

 brushed ofi. 



In these experiments the author evaporated about 7 oz. of 

 naphthahne in an iron retort joined to the disinfecting chamber by a 

 short iron pipe. The chamber measured 16 in. by 20 in. by 20 in. and 

 was constructed of wood with an external plating of iron. A hole in 

 the top of the box allowed the recording thermometer to protrude. 



Klose (F.). Ein Beitrag zur Epidemiologie der Weilschen Krankheit. 



[A Contribution to the Epidemiology of Weil's Disease.] — Miin- 

 chener Med. Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 21, 22nd May, 1917, 

 pp. 691-692. 



Reiter has reported positive results in the experimental transmission 

 of Weii's disease by biting flies, but only under very restricted condi- 

 tions [see this Review, Ser. B, v, p. 113]. In the cases observed by the 

 author in January 1917 both biting flies and mosquitos may be 

 excluded, the temperature sometimes being as low as — 1° F. Insect 

 transmission does not therefore provide a complete solution of the 

 question. 



Werker (H.) & Benzler (J.). Zur Aetiologie und Klinik der Febris 



quintana. [The Aetiology and Clinical Symptoms of Five Day 



Fever.] — MUnchener Med. Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 21, 

 22nd May 1917, p. 695. 



Two cases are recorded in which the infection was transmitted by 

 the bites of lice. In one of them the senior author was the person who 

 contracted the disease, and as he had suffered from it about six 

 months previously it would appear that immunity is not conferred 

 for long. 



Lenz (F.). Beobachtungen uber Malaria in malariafreier Gegend. 



[Observations on Malaria in a Region free from the Disease.] — 

 ■ — Miinchener Med. Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 12, 20th March 

 1917, pp. 394-396. 



About eighty cases of malaria were observed in the summers of 1915 

 and 1916 in the prisoners' camp at Puchheim. There were many 

 water-holes in the moor, the dark soil of which is well warmed by the 

 sun. Culex spp. were very abundant. Of the less common Anophelines, 

 two species were observed, one being apparently A. maculipennis. 

 The outbreak of relapses caused by warm weather is considered to 

 indicate an adaptation of the malarial plasmodia to the flight season 

 of Anopheline mosquitos. 



