57 



MtJHLENS {—). Beobachtungen uber Malaria in malariafreier Gegend. 



[Observations on Malaria in a Region free from the Disease.]— 

 Munchener Med. Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 25, 19th June 

 1917, pp. 829-830. 



Referring to the preceding paper the author disputes Lenz's state- 

 ment that " the outbreak of relapses caused by warm weather indicates 

 an adaptation of the malarial plasmodia to the flight-season of 

 Anophelines " and adduces evidence against this. Relapses may occur 

 before the warm season and chiefly do so during the transition from 

 winter to spring. 



Lenz (F.). Erwiderung auf die Bemerkungen von Prof. Miihlens. 



[Reply to the Remarks of Prof. Miihlens.] — Munchener Med. 

 Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 25, 19th June 1917, p. 830. 



In reply to the above criticism, the author points out that he 

 himself mentioned cases where relapses occurred before the warm 

 season, but he considers that such relapses are not the rule and that 

 they may be due to warmth indoors or to direct sunlight. Nor did he 

 claim warmth to be the sole factor. He also stated that the malaria 

 curve falls earlier than the temperature curve. His hypothesis is not 

 weakened, but actually strengthened by these facts. The first increase 

 in warmth gives rise to the outbreak of relapses, and as only few cases 

 of latent plasmodia carriers are left over, it follows that only a few 

 relapses occur later on. The adaptation of the plasmodia to the 

 Anophelines lies precisely in the fact that the schizonts circulate in the 

 blood during the flight-season of the Anopheline generation that has 

 liibernated. In the case of later generations of Anophelines the 

 conservation of the plasmodia is ensured by new infection. In Upper 

 Bavaria, where the summer is short, the curve of relapses falls close 

 to the new infections. In the Mediterranean regions the great mass of 

 new infections occurs much later than that of the relapses. In 1916 

 only one generation of Anophelines was observed in Upper Bavaria, 

 though there are several in the Mediterranean regions. 



Teichmann (E.). Ein neues Mittel zur Bekampfung der Stechmttcken. 



[A new Means of combating Mosquitos.] — Miinchener Med. 

 Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 32, 7th August 1917, pp. 1041-1042. 



After successful experiments with hydrocyanic acid gas against lice 

 [see this Review, Ser. B, v, p. 130] the author tested this poison against 

 adults of Culex annuhtus and C. pipiens. These mosquitos proved 

 about 400 times more susceptible than the adults and eggs of Pediculus 

 humanus {vestimenti). A strength of 0"02-0'03 volumes per cent, 

 proved deadly, none of the mosquitos reviving on being removed after 

 an exposure of 15 minutes. 



Bass (R.). Die sanitatspolizeiliche Bekampfung des Fleckfiebers im 

 Felde. [Sanitary Police Measures against Typhus in the Field.] 

 Munchener Med. Wochenschr., Munich, Ixiv, no. 33, 14th August 

 1917, pp. 1088-1089. 



This is an account of a successful campaign against typhus on the 

 Russian front by carefully watching the inhabitants in the area 



(C453) B 



