88 



Other species are Climacura melanurus, Coq., a rare species found ia 

 the eastern United States in swampy regions, the eggs being laid 

 singly and the larval stage passed in small water-holes ; Culicellaj 

 dyari, Coq., the larvae of which are found in early spring in pools left, 

 by the melting snow, the winter being passed in the egg-stage and the- 

 adults of the single annual generation appearing in May ; and 

 Beinocerites cancer^ Theo., a species from southern Florida where the 

 larvae live in the water in the holes of certain tropical sea-shore 

 crabs. 



Dyar (H. G.). a Second Note on the Species of Culex of the Bahamas-, 

 (Diptera, Culicidae). — Insecutor Inscitiae Menstnius, Washington.^ 

 B.C., y, nos. 10-12, October-December 1917, pp. 183-187. 



The following species are added to former records from the Bahamas i 

 Culex {Transculicia, sub-gen. nov.) eleuthera, sp. n., and C. reductor, 

 D. & K., found also in Jamaica, but not in Cuba and Florida, 

 this peculiar distribution being possibly due to the West Indian, 

 hurricanes. 



BiSHOPP (F. C). The Distribution of the Nose Fly and Other Species, 

 of Gastwphilus in the United States. — Psyche, Boston, Mass., xxiv, 

 no. 6, December 1917, pp. 182-187, 1 fig. 



The genus Gastrophilvs is represented in the United States by three 

 species that were introduced many years ago, and have become widely 

 spread throughout the country. These are G. equi, L. (intestinaliSy 

 De G.), which is the best known owing to its abundance and 

 comparatively slow flight, while its distribution, though wide, varies 

 much locally, the insect being rare at high elevations. G. nasalis, L. 

 (chin fly), a species often confused on account of its name ■xAath the 

 nose fly {G. hacmorrhoidalis), oviposits under the jaws, while its larvae 

 occasionally attach themselves in the oesophagus. This species is 

 widely distributed from east to west in the United States and also in 

 Canada. G. haemorrhoidalis (nose fly), which oviposits on the lips, is 

 economically the most important of the three species when present in 

 abundance. Though probably introduced at an early date with 

 shipments of horses from Europe, its appearance was first recorded in 

 1883 in western North Dakota, while Iowa was invaded about 1912, 

 and other States still more recently. The fact that it has not 

 established itself more rapidly may have been due to adverse climatic 

 conditions, while its failure to thrive east of its present area of great, 

 abundance in North and South Dakota is possibly due to the greater 

 humidity of the eastern area. The dissemination of this pest is largely 

 brought about by the movement of horses, the danger being increased 

 by their shipment from infested to uninfested areas for military and 

 agricultural purposes. Owing to the long time that the larvae spend 

 within the host and the rather extended period during which they 

 leave the animal, every opportunity is given for the pest to become 

 widely established if natural agencies do not prevent it, or steps are 

 not taken to destroy the bots before the horses are shipped. 



