165 



The arsenical solution is made by heating 4 gals, rain water with 

 I lb. washing soda nearly to boiling point, adding 1 lb. commercial 

 arsenic, bringing quickly to the boil and boiling for about 15 minutes. 

 Then, just as it is being taken from the fire 4 pints of cold water 

 should be added and the whole stirred for 5 minutes, as arsenic that 

 has been boiled in water goes more completely into solution if suddenly 

 put off the boil. 



It is contended that the use of poisoned-ofial fly-traps and the 

 poisoning of carcases defeats its own ends, as the flies are repelled 

 and search for the living sheep in consequence. Similarly the poisoned 

 dags will act as repellents to the rehef of the sheep. 



The sheep should also be provided with an arsenical salt lick, the 

 arsenic from which would not all be absorbed into the system, but 

 would pass out with the droppings, which would thus be in a condition 

 to greatly retard the development of the maggots. 



If the fly should attack the sheep on any part of the body other 

 than the tail, it is probably djie to the yelk bein^ diseased, owing 

 to a bad state of health in the sheep, for which iron is the appropriate 

 remedv. 



Neill (M. H.). The Problem of Acute Infectious Jaundice in the 

 United States. — U.S. Public Health Reps., Washington, D.G., 

 xxxiii, no. 19, 10th May 1918, pp. 717-726. 



In discussing the problem of the rat as a carrier of Spirochaeta 

 icterohaemorrhagiae, the organism causing infectious jaundice, the 

 author remarks that there is no adequate evidence that any insect 

 plays a part in the transmission of the disease in nature, though the 

 experimental evidence is by no means complete. The epidemiology of 

 the disease seems to point rather definitely to moist soil at an equable 

 temperature as a means of keeping ahve the virus. 



The Parasite of Icterohaemorrhagic Jaundice.— i^n'^. Med. Jl., Lmidon, 

 no. 2998, 15th June 1918, pp. 675-676. 



The researches of Noguchi on the cultural conditions of Spirochaeta 

 (Leptospira) icterohaemorrhagiae, the causative organism of ictero- 

 haemorrhagic jaundice, formerly called Weil's disease, have shown that 

 an animal or human serum is an essential medium for it. Further, 

 it has been proved that the faeces of normal or jaundiced persons 

 destroy the organism within 24 hours, and in polluted water and sewage 

 it does not remain alive for more than 3 days. It is therefore improbable 

 that the spirochaete can survive long after it leaves its host, 

 and to explain cases of human infection in which the carrier rodents 

 are not in contact with man, the question of insect vectors has been 

 investigated by Reiter, with negative results in the case of certain 

 biting flies, fleas and bed-bugs, and by Noguchi, who found that the 

 larvae and adults of Culex, the larvae of the house-fly and bluebottle, 

 wood ticks and leeches failed to become carriers when fed on infected 

 guinea-pigs or their organs. 



