197 



small pools into a big sheet of water, the silt also enriching the agri- 

 cultural land. The third experiment is to be made at a tea estate in 

 the submontane region and is based on a system of subsoil drainage 

 that has been successful in Panama and the Federated Malay States. 

 A fourth experiment will be carried out in the rolling upland country 

 that covers a large area in West Bengal. It consists in a thorough 

 surface drainage of the experimental area and in the periodical flushing 

 of a small river in which malaria-carrying mosquitos breed. 



Verdun (P.) & Feytaud (J.). Organisation pratique de la Lutte 

 contre les Moustiques. [Practical Organisation of Mosquito 

 Control Measures.] — Bull. Soc. Etude Vulg. ZooLAgric, Bordeaux, 

 xvii, no. 8, August 1918, pp. 86-89. 



This paper describes the habits of Culicine and Anopheline mosquitos 

 and discusses the various remedial measures with regard to their 

 suitabiUty for different types of breeding-places. 



Travaux et R^sultats de la Mission antipaludique k I'Arm^e d'Orient. 



[Work undertaken and Results achieved by the Antimalarial 

 Mission to the Balkan Armies.] — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xi, 

 no. 6, 12th June 1918, pp. 456-469, 1 map. 



The mission undertaken as the result of the joint action of the 

 Under Secretary of State of the French Pubhc Health Service and 

 the Pasteur Institute, in agreement with the mihtary command and 

 the medical authorities of the French Balkan army, aimed at removing 

 some of the causes to which were due the numerous and severe cases 

 of malaria that broke out in the Balkan armies in 1916. The chief 

 of these was the ignorance on the part of officers, men and even doctors 

 of the need for instituting anti-malarial measures against both the 

 mosquito and the blood parasite. 



The mission, the headquarters of which was at Salonica, divided 

 the whole district into sections of varying size, according to the density 

 of the military population, one doctor, or more, being assigned to each 

 section. The first step was to estabhsh the splenic indices of the 

 locahties occupied or traversed by the troops of the Allies, and fol- 

 lowing this, the usual anti-malarial measures were instituted. These 

 were : — The eUmination of ponds by filhng in or by drainage ; the 

 maintenance of a steady current in waterways by removing with a 

 sickle or spade the vegetation growing on the banks and in the bed, 

 or by making the banks steeper and the bed of the stream smoother ; 

 the deflection of mosquito-breeding streams either permanently, by 

 means of canals, or temporarily [see this Review, Ser. B, v, p. 190] ; 

 the oiling of stagnant Avater ; the protection of the troops from the 

 attacks of the adult mosquito by the use of gauze screening and 

 mosquito nets, and from the effects of the virus by a system of 

 quininisation ; and, finally, propaganda work among the natives. 



The results of this work may be summarised in the statement, 

 that for ever}^ 60 cases of primary malaria in 1916, there were only 

 7 in 1917. 



