205 



saturated with gecko blood, and consequently with Leptomonas, 

 would begin to seek out men for attack. These views, considered 

 together with the comparison of the cultural forms, and the as yet 

 entirely negative results from inoculations of Leptomonas into suscep- 

 tible animals, tend to show that this parasite is not identical with 

 Leishmania tropica. It is not illogical to maintain that the differences 

 found between the flagellate of the gecko and that of Oriental sore 

 are due to the influence of the invertebrate vector. 



Geos (H.). L'Unite des Protozaires du Paludisme. [The Protozoa of 

 Malaria all one Species.] — Bull. Soc. Path. Exot., Paris, xi, no. 7, 

 July 1918, pp. 624-641. 



Reviewing recent investigations on the various protozoa causing 

 malaria, and as the deduction from his own experiences, the author 

 draws the following conclusions : -There is only one haematozoon of 

 malaria, and this can assume varying forms according to the climate, 

 the season and the reactions peculiar to the organism. Experiments 

 have shown that it is transmissible to man in all its forms and that 

 it can at the first onset take cHnically and microscopically one of the 

 three forms. This form can be transformed into another imder the 

 influence of different conditions ; Plasmodium praecox may become 

 P. vivax and vice-versa. So-called primary malaria does not occur, 

 and this expression should never be used. There is no reason for 

 thinking that a special and as yet unknown form of the haematozoon 

 is present in malarial splenomegaly. 



Sergent (Edm.) & Sergent (Et.). La Prophylaxie antipaludique 

 d'une Armee en Carapagne. (Arm6e d'Orient 1917.) [Anti- 

 malarial Prophylaxis of an Army in the Field (Balkan Army, 



19n).].^Bull. Soc. Path. Exot, Paris, xi, no. 7, July 1918, 

 pp. 641-648. 



This paper enumerates and briefly describes the principles of the 

 prophylactic measures that have been adopted with great success in 

 protecting the Balkan Army from malaria during 1917, imder the 

 auspices of the Pasteur Institute. These measures include a pre- 

 liminary study of the epidemiological conditions that would enable 

 any expeditionary force in a malarial country to possess a seasonal 

 chart of the malaria of that covmtry, in which the breeding-places 

 of the Anophehnes are described and the reservoir of the virus indicated. 

 The next step is the removal of troops as far from the reservoir of the 

 virus as is compatible with military necessities. Quinine should be 

 served out to the troops as a preventive every day and the greatest 

 care should be observed in ensuring that this measure is carried out, 

 as the effects of the quinine upon the system last for a few hours only 

 and one day's negligence will nullify the benefits of a long course of 

 preventive treatment. The best daily dose is 6 grains of chlorhydrate 

 of quinine in the form of a tablet. This quinine treatment in M.^diter- 

 ranean countries should last for 7| months, from 15th April to Ist 

 December. Individual mosquito nets should be provided for every 

 man and the importance of keeping these absolutely mosquito- 

 proof is pointed out. Anti-larval measures should be carried out in 

 all the localities occupied by the troops and the reservoirs of the virus 



