209 



Cleare (L. D.). The House-fly. How it lives, how it spreads disease, 

 and how to destroy it. — Jl. Brit. Guiana Bd. Agric, Georgetown, 

 xi, no. 2, April 1918, pp. 13-27, 3 figs. 



This paper is a popular resume of recent information on the subject 

 of the house-fly {Musca domestica, L.). 



Eawnsley (G. T.), Cunningham (R. A.) & Warnock (J.). The 

 Prophylaxis of Malaria. —JZ. R.A.M.C.. London, xxxi. no. 1, July 

 1918, pp. 60-75. 



It is the opinion of Col. Rawnsley, who contributes the first part 

 of^this paper, that prophylactic quinine as now given is useless, if 

 not dangerous, in the prevention of malaria, frequently only serving 

 to mask the disease. He considers the proper prophylactic dose to 

 be 30 grains daily, but this cannot be given for a longer period than 

 four weeks. Prophylaxis should aim chiefly at destroying the mosquito 

 and its larvae and protecting man from its bites, and, when man 

 becomes infected, destroying the parasite by suitable doses of quinine, 

 especially during the post-malarial season. The dose should be 

 15 grains of quinine morning and evening, and 3 minims of liquor 

 arsenicalis hydrochloricus added to each dose increases its efi&ciency. 



Van Es (L.) & Schalk (A. F.). Sur la Nature anaphylactique de 

 rintoxication parasitaire. [On the Anaphylactic Nature of 

 Parasitic Poisoning.] — Ann. Inst. Pasteur, Paris, xxxii, no. 7, 

 July 1918, pp. 310-362. 



Research work on pernicious anaemia of the horse in comiection 

 with the investigations of Seyderhelm, has led to the conclusions :— 

 (1) That equine pernicious anaemia can be artificially induced in all 

 its details by the injection of aqueous extracts of larvae of Gastrophilus 

 equi and G. haemorrhoidalis [see this Review, Ser. B, v, p. 185, and vi, 

 p. 44]. (2) From its mode of action, and its behaviour towards 

 physical and chemical influences, the active ingredient is an animal 

 poison, called by the authors oestrine. (3) The toxic action of oestrine 

 is exclusively specific for equines. (4) Oestrine is uniformly absorbed 

 by the gastro-intestinal canal of the horse. (5) Oestrine occurs in 

 the natural excretions of Gastrophilus larvae. (6) The toxic action of 

 G. haemorrJimdalis is several degrees stronger than that of G. equi. 

 (7) Pernicious anaemia, artificially induced by extracts of Oestrid 

 larvae, can be transmitted to healthy horses, the blood of these latter 

 being also able to transmit the disease. (8) Pernicious anaemia of 

 horses, occurring in nature, is not caused by an ultra-visible micro- 

 organism, but by the oestrine excreted by the larvae of Gastrophilus, 

 especially those of G. haemorrhoidalis. 



CoRT (W. W.). Dangers to California from Oriental and Tropical 

 Parasitic Diseases. — California State Bd. Health Mthly. Bull., 

 Sacramento, xiv, no. 1, July 1918, pp. 6-15. 



The diseases dealt with in this paper are mostly those due to various 

 intestinal worms, for the control of which the Division of Parasitology 

 of the State Board of Health is instituting a system of faecal 

 examination, i 



