212 



years in Alsace on behalf of the army medical authorities. In the 

 prefatory paper a description of the work is given together with a 

 list of the mosquitos found near Strasburg. These include 18 out 

 of the 19 or 20 species hitherto recorded in Germany, as well as a new 

 one, OcJilerotaius (Culicada) nigrinus, Eckstein. The systematic part 

 of the work, in which the arrangement of American authors has been 

 followed, will be dealt with later by Eckstein. 



In the second paper it is stated that all the members of the genera 

 Aedes and OcJilerotatus (Culicada), appear to oviposit on dry groimd 

 which is only temporarily covered with water. Ochlerolatus 

 dorsalis and 0. nigrinus use meadows that are temporarily flooded ; 

 0. nemorosus, 0. diver sus, 0. geniculatus (lateralis), Culex cantans 

 and Anopheles cinereus use forest pools that dry up in summer ; 

 while OcJilerotatus vexans oviposits in both these situations. Culex 

 oraatus breeds in tree-hollows containing water. Whereas certain 

 species, such as C. cantans, have only one annual generation, others 

 have several. On the completion of the development of the embryo 

 wetting the eggs will cause them to hatch. Around Strasburg there 

 are therefore two broods a year, which correspond with the two 

 floodings of the meadows in spring and late summer. The duration 

 of the flooding is just suited to the development of the larvae and 

 pupae, which require 2 weeks at about 20°-25° C. [68°-77° F.]. The 

 newly emerged adults then oviposit on the ground, which is then 

 drying. 



The author has devised a simple method of combating these insects 

 in connection with the fact that there are several generations. In 

 mid-October he flooded the infested meadows for the third time in 

 the year, and thus killed the larvae, which owing to the low 

 temperature could not complete their development by the time the 

 water had disappeared. This method, which is practicable in the 

 Breusch valley near Strasburg, did not damage the meadows. 



In the third paper Glaser gives data regarding the great capacity 

 for reproduction of Culex pipiens. It is stated that in two channels 

 leading away from a leather manufactory and each measuring about 

 a mile in length, about 167,760 egg-rafts were destroyed as a result 

 of cleaning the channels twice weekly, the time employed on each 

 occasion being three hours. At the very moderate estimate of 200 

 eggs per raft no less than 33,000,000 eggs were thus destroyed each 

 week. 



Prell (H. ). Biologische Beobaehtungen an Anopheles in Wurttem- 

 burg. [Biological Observations on Anophelines in Wurtemburg.] 

 ^Zeitschr. f. wiss. Ins.-Biol, xiii, 1917-1918; pp. 242-249, 

 257-272. (Abstract in Arch. f. Schiffs- u. Tropen-Hygiene, 

 Leipzig, xxii, no. 7-8, April 1918, p. 148.) 



This paper records observations on the distribution and bionomics 

 of Anophelines in Wurtemburg obtained as a result of an iavestigation 

 required by the military authorities. Only a few locahties in the 

 alpine districts and Black Forest are uninfested, otherwise Anopheles 

 macidijiennis is foimd almost everywhere, whereas A. bifurcatus is 

 more especially met with in the mountain regions. 



