215 



materiak were found to be yellow or black oilskin or oiled silk, 

 and overalls of these materials should therefore considerably lessen 

 the danger of infestation. In the case of a short visit a jacket with 

 close-fitting wrist-bands will suffice, especially in the case of miUtary 

 surgeons wearing top-boots or leather leggings. The suitability of 

 any material may be tested by placing it at an angle of 45 degrees, 

 and if lice placed on it are unable to move either up or down, it may 

 be accepted as satisfactory. 



Blau (P.). Ueber Pappatacifieber. [Phlebotomus ¥ ever.]— Wiener 

 Klin. Wochenschr., Viemia, xxxi, no. 3, 17th January 1918, 

 pp. 89-90. 



This is a chnical paper, based on the experience gained in treating 

 some six hundred cases of sandfly fever in the Mediterranean area in 

 the summer months of 1916 and 1917. The majority of the cases 

 occurred in June and July. Phlebotomus papatasii was present in 

 great abundance and the bites were generally on the face, hands and 

 feet. 



WiESE (0.). Zur Uebertragung des Ruckfallflebers. [The Transmission 

 of Recurrent Fever.] — Deutsche Med. Wochenschr., Berlin, xliv, 

 no. 3, 17th January 1918, pp. 60-62. 



In order to test the part played by bed-bugs [Gimex lectulariiis], 

 45 individuals were examined for spirochaetes eight days after they 

 had been allowed to feed upon a case of recurrent fever during the 

 attack. This examination proved entirely negative. Furthermore the 

 author never found a single bug in infected houses during an epidemic 

 of recurrent fever. He considers the destruction of lice to be the 

 most important of the measures to be taken against this disease, of 

 which Pedicuhis humanus, P. capitis and perhaps also Phthirius pubis 

 are transmitters. Observations clearly showed that the disappearance 

 of the disease coincided with that of these insects. In the epidemic 

 observed only isolated cases occurred at first, and a sudden 

 increase afterwards among persons whose infested hair had been cut 

 some seven days previously is believed to have been due to the 

 operation causing abrasions of the skin, which then became infected 

 from crushed lice. 



ToEPFER (H.). Zur Uebertragung des Erregers des europaischen 

 Ruckfallflebers durch die Kleiderlaus. [Transmission of European 

 Recurrent Fever by Pediculus humanus.'] — Deutsche Med. 

 Wochenschr., 5er?m, xliv, no. 9, 28th February 1918, pp. 239-240. 



The author considers that no developmental forms of the spiro- 

 chaetes of recurrent fever are to be found in lice. He confirms his 

 finding that infection is conveyed mechanically by crushing the lice 

 [see this Review, Ser. B, v, p. 112]. In a severe epidemic the doctors 

 and most of the orderhes remained free from the disease though often 

 exposed to the bites of infected lice, and the orderlies who contracted 

 it did so only after a considerable time and after becoming very 

 verminous. To test the possibility of inheritance of infection an 



