217 



cannot conveniently be effected with petroleum and aniline larvicides 

 owing to the cost and the lack of trained operators, the breeding of 

 the common carp, Ciprin'us carpio, and its varieties is advised in suitable 

 waters. This measure however camiot be expected to give much result 

 in the first season. Advice will shortly be given as to the aquatic 

 plants that should be encouraged and those that should be destroyed. 



Adrien (C). Dengue m6diterraneenne observ6e a I'lle Rouad (Syria). 

 Etude des Conditions locales de Reproduction des Insectes dans 

 cette He. [Mediterranean Dengue observed in the Island of 

 Rouad, Syria. A Study of the local Conditions of Insect 

 Reproduction in the Island.] — Archives Med. & Pharm. Navales, 

 Paris, cv, no. 4, April 1918, pp. 275-307. 



In 1915 a naval detachment of about 100 men was landed on the 

 Island of Rouad. A fever of short duration was endemic there and 

 47 cases occurred from September to January. The author considers 

 that it was possibly a modified form of dengue and uses the term 

 " Mediterranean dengue " proposed by Sarrailhe, who holds that three 

 day fever and dengue are one and the same disease [see this Review, 

 Ser. B, V, p. 37]. In this case Phlebotomus acts as the original carrier, 

 while Stegomyia and Culex are agents in mechanical transmission. 

 If on the other hand three day fever and dengue are held to be distinct, 

 as has been thought up to now, then both of these are present in the 

 Island of Rouad. the former transmitted by Phlebotomus and the 

 latter by Stegomyia and CuUx. The mosqnitos found in the island 

 have been identified as Stegomyia fasciata, Cnlex fatigans and C. lati- 

 cinctus. During the seven hot months of 1916 these mosqnitos 

 occurred together with many cases of the disease. During the cold 

 months the species of Culex seem to disappear and cases are very 

 rare. A few S. fasciata are still to be found indoors, and their 

 breeding in cisterns is not entirely arrested. They do not then 

 attack in the open, but do so indoors, especially by night. 

 Their larvae are only found in fresh or very slightl}' brackish 

 water, while those of Ciilex are chiefly met with in brackish water. 

 No Anophelines were observed on the island. Phlebotomus perniciosus, 

 Newst., was present, but not P. papatasii. Scop. A campaign against 

 the mosqnitos was carried ovit by meaus of screening, oiling and by 

 covering all cisterns ; but though breeding is thus prevented, the 

 introduction of wind-borne mqsquitos from the coast, about one 

 and a half miles distant, cannot be stopped. 



ViLLELA (E.). Forma aguda da Doenca de Chagas. Primeira 

 Verifi cacao no Estado de S. Paulo. [The Acute Form of Chagas' 

 Disease. The first Case reported from the State of S. Paulo.] — 

 Brazil-Medico, Rio de Janeiro, xxxii, no. 9, 2nd March 1918, 

 p. 65, 1 fig. 



Triatoma megista having been reported to be present in a house 

 in the State of S. Paulo, Brazil, an examination of the inmates revealed 

 the acute form of Chagas' disease in a child, whose blood 

 harboured numerous trypanosomes possessing all the morphological 

 characters of Trypanosoma cruzi, 



(C515) B 



