offal, a great number of maggots have been prepared and sections of 

 them mounted as microsco]>ic specimens. The most distinctive 

 structures are the spiracles, by means of which the maggots can easily 

 be separated. A complete series is being prepared and moimted for 

 reference. 



Experiments to determine the depth of soil through which flies can 

 emerge from the ]3upae when buried, showed that from a depth of 

 10 inches of light dusty soil rather more than one- third the number 

 emerged ; from 8 inches of stony soil, exactly one-third emerged, 

 while from 8 inches of heavy gravelly soil, none emerged. 



It is not thought that there is any infestation from sanitary depots 

 where night-soil is deposited and covered with earth, but garbage 

 depots Avhere miscellaneous rubbish is thrown into the open and left 

 to decav or blow away are ideal breeding-grounds. Tables are given 

 showing the cost of crutching sheep for blow-fly, and also the estimated 

 losses from blov/-fly in the year 1914. 



Dipping experiments lead to the conclusion that this method does 

 not prevent attacks by the fly, but prevents the affected area from 

 spreading. It is also certain that the wool of dipped sheep produces 

 more in the open market than when undipped. 



PoTEL (E.). Observations cliniques et 6tiologiques sur les Cas de 

 Typhus soignes a I'HSpital permanent de la Marine de Sidi-Ab- 

 dallah. V. Remarques sur les Mesures de Prophylaxie et le R6Ie des 

 Ectoparasites. [Clinical and etiological Observations on Cases of 

 Typhus treated at the permanent Naval Hospital at Sidi-Ab- 

 duUah. V. Remarks on Prophylactic Measures and the part played 

 by Ectoparasites.]— .4 /f/i. Ink Past., Tunis, ix, no. 4, September 

 1916, pp. 282-285. [Received 6th November 1916.] 



The observations recorded in this article support the view that the 

 propagation of typhus is due entirely to ectoparasites. On the hospital 

 ships carrying patients from Corfu to Sidi-Abdallah no prophylactic 

 measiu-es were taken, with the result that, allowing for the necessary 

 period of incubation, the crews forthwith developed the disease. In 

 the supplementary hospitals, where, owing to the numbers in which 

 the patients arrived, they could only be washed and their rags replaced 

 by clean clothing and they were also allowed to retain possession of 

 their small personal belongings, the hospital staffs fell victims to the 

 disease after a period of 21 days. In the permanent hospitals, in which 

 only Frenchmen were treated and where they only arrived a few at a 

 time, the patients were thoroughly cleansed to ensure the removal of 

 both adult lice and eggs and no personal possessions capable of 

 harbouring the eggs were allowed to be retained ; under these con- 

 ditions no cases of typhus occurred among the staffs, though no pre- 

 cautions other than the extermination of vermin were taken. 



Beach (W. H.). The Sheep Maggot-fly and how to control it.— 16 pp., 

 5 figs. Published by the Beach Chemical Co., Bridgnorth. 

 [Received 24th November 1916,] 



This pamphlet describes a portable trap for Lucilia sericata (sheep 

 maggot fly) and its maggots. The apparatus consists of a round gal- 

 vanised sheet-iron pan, with perforated sides— the perforations being 



