15 



pass tlirough a period of free existence before attachment to the host. 

 The nymphs are entirely parasitic, only leaving the host when mature, 

 i n order to transform into adults. Specimens of /. hexagonus have been 

 obtained from the entrances of caves. This species is parasitic in the 

 larval, nymphal and adult stages on various mammals, including the 

 dog, fox, sheep, etc., as well as on man. 



La Destruction des Mouches par THuile de Schiste. [Destruction of 

 Flies by Shale Oil]— Bnll. Soc. Etude Vidg. Zool Agric, 

 Bordeaux, xiv, no. 11 & 12, November-December 1915, p. 95. 

 [Received 24th November 1916.] 



It is pointed out that heavy coal-tar oils, being heavier than water, 

 are not convenient for use on a liquid surface. Shale oils, on the con- 

 trary, being lighter than water, remain on the surface, asphyxiate the 

 larvae and by their odour keep the ovipositing flies away from the 

 ])ipes or ventilators of cesspools. If used plentifully on manure-heaps,the 

 heavy coal-oils, as well as cresyl, may affect the quality of the manm-e. 

 This difficulty is obviated if the residuary coal-tar oils are used, as these 

 have been deprived of their naphthaline constituents and dephenolised. 

 With the addition of sodium resinate, a 2-5 per cent, strength in water 

 gives a durable emulsion, which spreads over a large surface as a thin 

 him and is an effective insecticide and insectifuge, 



Agir. Kowapbl M Ty6epKyJie3-b. [Mosquitos and Tuberculosis.— 

 « CaflOBOATj-* [Horticulturist], Rostov-on-Don, xv, no. 9, Sep- 

 tember 1916, pp. 513-515. 



This is a short note referring to the work of Professor Wurtz on a 

 specific form of rapid tuberculosis connected with malaria. His 

 investigations were begun in Indo-China and continued in Madagascar 

 and lately in France, where cases of this disease have occurred in 

 soldiers on active service. It is said to be caused by a particular 

 species of mosquito common in Asia and Africa, which has been 

 imported into France in its larval stage with the baggage of the native 

 soldiers. Professor D. K. Zabolotny, who has been approached on 

 this subject by the author, admits the theoretical possibility of 

 tubercle bacilli "reaching the gut of mosquitos with the blood of patients, 

 but was unable to offer a definite opinion on the discovery of Professor 

 Wurtz, in the absence of further details. 



KuLAGiN (Prof. N. M.). KowiHaTHan Myxa. Ki, Bonpocy o 6opb6t 



Cb HeiO. [Musca domestica, L. On the question of its control.] — 

 «JlK)6l1Tenb npMpOAbl.» {Friend of Nature], Petrograd, xi, 

 nos. 3-4 & 6-7, March-April & June-July 1916, pp. 93-100 & 

 189 & 194, 3 figs., 2 tables. 



This lecture is one of a series on the control of epidemic diseases, 

 organised by the Shaniavsky-University at Moscow. It contains a 

 general review of the life-history of Musca domestica with particular 

 reference to its part in spreading infection, various English, American, 

 French, Italian and German authorities being cited in this connection. 



