27 



On the west coast of Siiiuatra the health conditions are less favourable. 

 At Siboga, which is on the coast near a salt marsh, where an 

 attempt at drainage has only resulted in the formation of breeding 

 grounds for Anophelines, malaria occurs in a severe form [see this 

 Review, Ser. B, iv, p. 130]. Near the European quarter there are 

 rice-fields, but it is useless to drain these alone as the only 

 Anopheline present there is A. sinensis, the carrier of benign 

 tertian malaria, while in the marsh A. ludloivi, the carrier of 

 malignant tertian, is the only species. Since these observations were 

 made, the quarter of the town nearest to the breeding grounds of the 

 mosquitos has been destroyed by fire and the new town has been built 

 further away from the marsh, with the result that there has been a 

 considerable decrease both in the number of mosquitos and in the cases 

 of fever. 



The danger of only partly drainmg a marsh is emphasised, and 

 instances of this with resultant increase of fever are cited. 



Attention is called to the necessity for simplifying the nomenclature 

 of the Anophelines and describing the sahent characters of the principal 

 species in order that colonial medical officers may be able to recognise 

 them without difficulty. 



A bibliography of 13 works concludes this article. 



ScHUFFNER (W.) & VAN DEN Heyden (H. N.). Dg Anophelinen in, 

 Nederlandsch-Indie. [AnopheUnes in the Dutch Indies.] - 

 Geneesk. Tijds. v. Ned.-Ind., Batavia, Ivi, no. 4, 1916, pp. 

 381-396, 1 plate. 



This paper contains a key to the fifteen species of Anophelines 

 recorded from the Dutch East Indies. In a supplementary note a 

 brief description is given of Anopheles gigas, Giles, found on the Karo 

 plateau at an altitude of over 4,500 feet. The species dealt with are : — 

 Anopheles {Myzorhynchus) umhrosus, A. {M.) barhirostris, A. {M.) 

 albotaeniafus, A. (M.) sinensis, A. (M.) argyropus ?, A. {Cellia) Jcochi, 

 A. punctulatus {Myzomyiatessellatus), A. (AI.) leucosphyrus, A. aconitus 

 (M. albirostris), A.{M.) rossiwav.,A. (M.) ludloivi, A. {Nyssorhynchvs} 

 karwari, A. (N.) maculatus, A. (N.) schilffneri, and A. {N.)fuliginosus. 



Favero (F.). Larve di Gasirophilus equi ed haemorrhoidaUs e tifo- 

 A anemia infettiva del cavallo. [The Larvae of GastrophUus equi 



^ and G. haemorrhoidaUs and infectious Anaemia of the Horse.]— 



Nuovo Ercolani, Turin, xxi, nos. 1 & 2, 10th & 20th January 



1916, pp. 4-7 & 17-21. 



The author considers that his researches disprove the results obtained 

 by K. R. and R. Seyderhelm, which tended to show the importance 

 of Oestrid larvae in the etiology of pernicious anaemia of the horse 

 (virus of Carre and Vallee). They attempted to demonstrate that the 

 larva and its excreta, as well as the adult of Gasirophilus equi, and 

 especially the larva of G. haemorrhoidaUs, from both diseased and 

 healthy horses contain a substance, by them called " estrina," 

 specifically poisonous to the horse, and — in a lesser degree — to the 

 donke}'. A bibliography of 14 works is given. 



