52 



disease appear. Preventive measures should be directed against 

 cattle sheds as well as against the cattle themselves. The earthen 

 flooring should be frequently renewed and all cracks and crevices which 

 could form a shelter for the female ticks during oviposition should be 

 filled up. A coat of quicklime should be given occasionally to the wall 

 supporting the manger. Each animal should be thoroughly curry- 

 combed, which is a far more effective method of removing all kinds of 

 parasites than the use of any drug. By these simple means, the 

 Administration have succeeded in reducing the cases of disease among 

 their cattle to a minimum. 



Jack (R. W.). Home-made Fly Papers. — Dept. Agric. Rhodesia, 

 Salisbury, Bull. no. 249, December 1916, 4 pp. [Received 20th 

 February 1917.] 



Many recipes for home-made mixtures of the nature of " Tanglefoot " 

 have already been published, the main ingredients being resin and a 

 non-drying oil. The principal preparations are reviewed in this paper, 

 and new recipes are given, suitable for use in Rhodesia, where the 

 European mixtures dry up too rapidly. The basis of all of these is 

 ground-nut oil. The mixture which was found to give the greatest 

 satisfaction was: resin, 12 parts (oz. by weight) ; ground-nut oil, 5 

 parts (fluid oz.) ; crude vaseline, 1 part (fluid oz.). The resin should 

 be reduced to powder, and the ingredients heated together, without 

 boiling, until all the resin is dissolved. Strips of paper, tape, string or 

 wire dipped in this preparation may all be used with advantage. Kept 

 in a closed tin, the mixture was found equally efiective after eight 

 months. 



Edwaeds (F. W.). Notes on Culicidae with Descriptions of New 

 Species. — Bull. Entom. Research, London, v, no. 3, February 1917, 

 pp. 201-229. 



The only Anopheline dealt with in this paper is Anopheles {Coelo- 

 diazesis) plumbeus, Hal., which was described by Christophers from 

 larvae found in tree-holes in Simla [see this Review, Ser. B, iv, p. 74], 

 and found by the author associated with Ochlerotalus geniculatus in^ 

 holes in beech trees at Burnham Beeches, Bucks. These larvae were 

 kept in the water in which they were foimd with some of the leafy 

 debris which it contained, but made no growth, nor did those isolated 

 in tubes without debris, but with small larvae of O. geniculatus. They 

 were then given some crushed flies, on which they fed voraciously, some 

 pupating shortly afterwards. These experiments confirm Christopher's 

 conclusion that these larvae depend for their food on the insects that 

 fall into the water and not on vegetable debris, as do the larvae of 

 O. geniculatus, nor do they attack these latter larvae. The larvae of the 

 North American A. (Coelodiazesis) barberi preys upon those of Aedes 

 (Ochlerotatus) triseriatus, which is the North American representative 

 of 0. geniculatus. A. plumbeus is a common blood-sucker in wooded 

 districts in England, often biting in the daytime. 



Owing to the diversity of structure among the species of the genus 

 Aedes, it is considered advisable to retain in it, as subgenera, some of 

 the groups which have hitherto been regarded as genera. The genus 

 Aedes is therefore divided into the subgenera : — Armigeres, Stegomyia, 



