86 



of temperature, unfavourable to their existence. The geographical 

 position of the fly-area, which is shown on an accompanying map, 

 practically isolates it, and experiments to determine the infectivity 

 of G. palpaUs in the valley led to the conclusion that there is no positive 

 evidence pointing to the presence of pathogenic trypanosomiasis in 

 the valley, while there is a very considerable amount of evidence 

 indicating its absence. Though 1,004 flies from this area were fed 

 upon healthy dogs and a goat and were examined daily for trypano- 

 somes, the results were negative. Dissection of these flies, showed 

 flagellates in the gut of 2*4 per cent., while only one specimen showed 

 flagellates in the proboscis also. These flagellates in every case were 

 characteristic of Trypanosoma grayi and were of a type that forms 

 no part of the life-cycle of any of the pathogenic group of mammalian 

 trypanosomes, such as T. pecorum, T. vivax, T. uniforme and 

 T. hrncei ; they were most probably derived from the very numerous 

 crocodiles which are to be found in all these rivers. Nine inoculations 

 were made of the blood from buck, shot in the valley, into healthy 

 dogs with negative results. 



No case of sleeping sickness has ever been reported from the Siroko 

 Valley, but while the district is a closed area in so far as the cultivation 

 of the land and the building of permanent huts is concerned, the valley 

 is open to native tribes who have a good deal of connection with the 

 sleeping sickness areas in the vicinity and who come freely to the valley 

 to hunt. There is, therefore, no guarantee as to the permanent 

 safety of this area. The report recommends general measures for 

 the protection of the land under consideration and for the repopulation 

 of the valley. It is suggested that certain native tribes should be 

 allowed to settle in the valley, conditionally upon a preliminary clearing 

 of the land and closing of the valley to those tribes which have hitherto 

 visited it from fly-infested areas. Domestic animals should be pro- 

 tected by perpetuation of the existing rinderpest regulations and, 

 where necessary, movements of cattle, other than transport oxen, 

 should be prohibited for a period of three years. 



Belli (C. M.). La Profllassi navale del Tifo esantematico, Febbre 

 gialla, Peste, Colera, Tifo abdominale, Scorbuto e Beri-beri, alia 

 Luce delle nuove Dottrine. [Naval Prophylaxis of Exanthematous 

 Typhus, Yellow Fever, Plague, Cholera, Enteric Fever, Scurvy 

 and Beriberi, viewed by the Light of New Doctrines.] — Ann. 

 Med. Navale e Coloniale, Rome, 32nd vear, ii, no. 5-6, November- 

 December 1916, pp. 522-567. 



This paper deals with modern methods of prophylaxis against 

 these diseases on board ship. The control of the insect vectors of 

 exanthematous typhus, yellow fever and plague is recognised as 

 providing a formidable weapon against these maladies and appro- 

 priate measures are briefly described. 



NicLOT (^). Le Paludisme en Gr^ce, en Mac6doine et ^ I'Armee 

 d'Orient. [Malaria in Greece, in Macedonia and the Army of 

 the East.] — Archives Med. & Pharm. Militaires, Paris, Ixvi, no. 6, 

 December 1916, pp. 753-774. [Received 29th March 1917.] 



Malaria has been endemic in Greece since the most ancient times, 

 and at the present day in Old Greece 800,000 persons are affected 



