116 



natives, the irihabitants of districts that had been immune within the 

 memory of man being severely attacked. The disease was held in 

 check in places where quinine had been distributed daily from the 

 beginning of summer, even when these were among the most malarial 

 in Algeria ; but where, through lack of funds, quinine could be dis- 

 tributed only every three or four days, this was not the case, thus 

 showing the inefficacy of bi-weekly doses. Other measures of control 

 were the anti-larval treatment of pools, canals, and the borders of 

 marshes twace a month ; the curative and preventive administration 

 of quinine to the natives by special agents ; and the mechanical 

 protection of dwellings by means of window and door nettings. 



Gussow (H. T.). Empusa miiscae versus Musca domestica, L. — Ann. 

 App. Biol, London, iii, no. 4, April 1917, pp. 150-158, 1 plate. 

 [Received 9th June 1917.] 



The dying-ofE of house-flies in autumn cannot be ascribed to the 

 fungus disease caused by Empusa muscae, only about one death in 

 1,000 being directly due to it. Attempts to cultivate the fungus 

 artificially from spores for the purpose of spreading the disease as a 

 natural fly control have not proved successful, chiefly owing to a lack 

 of knowledge concerning a suitable nutrient culture solution. 



Rene (C). Gale du Mouton. [Sheep Mange.] — Progres Agricole, 

 Amiens, xzxi, no. 1528, 29th April 1917, p. 200. 



To cure mange in sheep, they must be shorn and well soaped and 

 the crusts softened with a suitable fatty substance. They must then 

 be dipped in the following solution : — Arsenious acid 2 lb., zinc 

 sulphate 10 lb., aloes 1 lb., and water 20 gals. This quantity is 

 sufficient for 100 sheep. The sheep should remain in this bath for 

 from 1 to 5 minutes and be scrubbed at the same time. 



Chapin (R. M.). The Chemical Composition of Lime-Sulphur Animal 



Dips. — U.S. Dept. Agric, Washington, B.C., Bull. 451, 

 14th December 1916, 16 pp., 2 tables. [Received 9th June 1917.] 



A working formula for the preparation of lime-sulphur solutions for 

 use as sheep and cattle dips is given in this bulletm. The title suggested 

 is the " 8-10-18 " formula, that is, 8 lb. high grade commercial 

 quicklime, 18 lb. fine sulphur (either flowers or flour) with rather more 

 than 10 U.S. gals, water, to be boiled for an hour to a final volume of 

 10 U.S. gals. This is suitable for dipping sheep, where an excess of 

 lime must be avoided. If commercial hydrated (not air-slaked) lime 

 is used, the amount should be 10-5 lb. For dipping cattle the formula 

 may be used on the basis of available calcium oxide if the analysis of 

 the lime is known; if it is not, 8-5-9 lb. of hme may be taken. The 

 finished solution, drawn oif from the sediment, should be diluted in the 

 proportion of 1 volume to 9 or 10 volumes of water for dipping sheep, 

 and at the rate of 1 volume to 7 or 8 volumes of water for cattle. In 

 use, the baths should be kept up to strength as previously described 

 [see this Review, Ser. B, iii, p. 76]. The advantages of this formula 

 are that it closely approaches the theoretical ratio deduced from 



