U7 



Aders (W. M.). Insects Injurious to Man and Stock in Zanzibar. — 

 Bull. Entom. Research, London, vii, no. 4, May 1917, pp. 391-401. 



During the spring and autumn rains in Zanzibar, Anophelines enter 

 tile town by way of a line of small collections of water formed by the 

 rains ; these temporary breeding places soon dry, with the result 

 that most of the adult Anophelines in the to\\Ti die. There are however 

 permanent breeding grounds outside the town, which constitute the 

 real home of these mosquitos. These larger swamps have in many 

 cases been drained to control the mosquito larvae, while the smaller 

 pools are oiled. Various traps have been used for collecting larvae. 

 The Anopheline trap consists of a flat tub filled with rain-water and 

 algae, with a small layer of earth sprinkled on the bottom. The 

 Culicine trap is a half-barrel filled with water rich in decaying vegeta- 

 tion or organic material ; the trap for Stegomyia is similar, but is 

 hlled with clean rain-water. Fish imported from Seychelles have 

 been of some use in wells and tanlis ; in the larger swamps their 

 efficacy is still uncertain. The great problem in mosquito destruction 

 in the towns is the control of Cidexfatigans, which is the most prevalent 

 .species and is found in the larval stage in practically all cesspools. 

 Stegomyia fasciata is also found throughout the towoi area, pai*ticularly 

 in native huts. 



The following natural enemies of mosquitos have been recorded : 

 larvae of dragonflies, waterbugs (many species), and larvae of various 

 aquatic Coleoptera. Nightjars, bats and various Attid spiders prey 

 upon the adults. A comprehensive list is given of the mosquitos 

 found in Zanzibar and Pemba Islands, with a detailed description of 

 their favourite breeding places. Anopheles costalis is the only Ano- 

 phehne taken in the town area and is the common vector of malaria 

 m Zanzibar. Stegomyia fasciata is found breeding imder the most 

 varied conditions. Adults fed on a patient showing numerous Filaria 

 bancrofti in his blood exhibited microfilariae in the thoracic muscles 

 nine days later. Several captured specimens of this species have 

 shown a natural thoracic infection with microfilariae. Gulex fatigans 

 has also been found to be infested with Filaria bancrofti, showing both 

 thoracic and proboscis infections. 



A complete list of the blood-sucking Arthropods known from 

 Zanzibar is given. 



Lyon, Jmir. (M. W.). Fllariasis. Report on Two Cases in the District 

 of Columbia and Analysis of the Cases reported for eastern North 

 America. — Jl. Amer. Med. Assoc, Chicago, III., Ixviii, no, 2, 

 13th January 1917, pp. 118-119. 



In reporting upon two cases of infection with Fikiria bancrofti in 

 the District of Columbia it is pointed out that Ciilex fatigans {quinque- 

 fasciatus), the mosquito serving as the intermediate host of F. bancrofti, 

 ranges as far north as Washington and St. Louis. 



Keilin (D.). Recherches sur les Anthomyides a Larves carnivores. 



[Research on Anthomyids with Carnivorous Larvae.] — Parasito- 

 logy, London, ix, no. 3, May 1917, 125 pp., 11 plates, 41 tigs. 



This paper has been abstracted in this Review, Ser. A, v, p. 427. 



