159 



Glossina haunts or placed in small masses lightly covered with humus 

 to protect them from predators. This method, applied to permanent 

 breeding-grounds of limited extent, would undoubtedly offer an 

 appreciable check to the increase of Glossina. 



Mesnil (F.) & KouBAUD (E.). Sur la Sensibility du Chimpanz6 au 

 Paludisme humain. [On the Susceptibility of the Chimpanzee 

 to Human Malaria.] — C. R. Hebdom. Seances Acad. Sciences 

 Paris, clxv, no. 1, 2nd July 1917, pp. 39-41. 



While malaria is easily communicable from man to man by 

 inoculation of parasitised blood, human malaria has never before, to 

 the authors' knowledge, been communicated to animals, although the 

 endoglobular parasites in various monkeys greatly resemble human 

 haematozoa. The experiment was therefore tried of inoculating a 

 chimpanzee with human malaria. A first inoculation of the tertian 

 benign form {Plasmodium vivax) gave negative results. A second 

 inoculation from another source after 12 days, which is the average 

 period of inoculation from man to man, showed the presence of the 

 parasite P. vivax in the blood. In another 10 days the strain had 

 died out and examinations gave negative results. It is hoped to 

 repeat and continue these investigations. 



Armand-Delille (P.). Remarques sur les Aspects parasitologiques du 

 Paludisme contracts en Macedoine. [Remarks on the Parasitology 

 of Malaria contracted in Macedonia.] — C. R. Hebdom. Seances 

 Acad. Sciences, Paris, clxv, no. 5, 30th July 1917, pp. 202-203. 



The almost exclusive predominance of the tertian malignant form 

 of malaria {Plasmodium falciparum) among the Balkan army in 

 Macedonia in the summer of 1916 has already been recorded [see this 

 Review, Ser. B, v, p. 98]. This parasite first appeared in July, increased 

 steadily until October, then gradually decreased until March and 

 finally disappeared in April. It is this complete disa})poarance of 

 this parasite and its substitution by P. vivax that is surprising. Similar 

 reports come from a hospital in Paris dealing with malarial subjects 

 from Macedonia, where, after December 1916, P. vivax completely 

 replaced P. falciparum. The author, working at the malaria hospital 

 at Vichy, found only P. vivax after the end of June 1917. The great 

 majority of the patients studied during the spring must, however, 

 have contracted the disease during the period July-November 1916, 

 and a great proportion of them must therefore have been infected by 

 P. falciparum. Records taken daily for eight months show that 

 patients badly infected during the summer by P. falciparum and 

 treated with quinine have nevertheless shown during the following 

 winter an access of secondary malaria. After February 1917, only 

 P. vivax was found in their blood. The author doubts whether this 

 is to be considered a case of transformation of the parasite. The 

 question arises as to how the form which offers the greatest resistance 

 to quinine disappears first, while P. vivax, which is more sensitive to 

 this drug, persists in the blood so long. The author suggests as a 

 possible explanation that P. falciparum is simply retained in the more 

 deeply seated organs. 



