161 



Sergent (Edmond) & Sergent (Etienne). Etudes Epid§miologiques 

 et Prophylactiques du Paludisme : Treizi^me et quatorzieme Cam- 

 pagnes en Alg6rie en 1914 et 1915. [Studies in the Epidemiology 

 and Prophylaxis of Malaria : 13th and 14th Campaigns in Algeria 

 in 1914 and 1915.]— ^nn. hist. Pasteur, Paris, xxxi, no. 6, June 

 1917, pp. 253-268, 6 figs. [Received 13th August 1917.] 



The two years 1914 and 1915 have been particularly interesting 

 from the point of view of malaria : in 1914 there was a recrudescence 

 of fever in several localities, followed in 1915 by a general epidemic 

 attaining at times extreme severity [see this Review, Ser. B, iv, p. 190]. 

 During this epidemic AnojyJieles algeriensis, which is found only in 

 the spring, was recorded, for the first time, at an altitude of about 

 3,000 feet. The study of malaria prophylaxis extended over a period 

 of 14 years has led to the conclusion that a distinct amehoration of 

 malarial conditions is possible by the regular administration of quinine 

 amongst the natives by a European agent. Anti-larval measures play 

 a very important part in control of malaria, and frequently suffice to 

 hold Anophelines in check. A striking instance of this is shown in 

 the case of Montebello, Algeria, where anti-larval measures have been 

 carried out unremittingly each year from April to December, ever 

 since the severe epidemic of 1904. The result has been that in spite 

 of extremely favourable conditions for the development of mosquito 

 larvae, Anoj^helines were held in check and no case of malaria occurred 

 in Montebello during the epidemics of 1914-1915. The recent 

 outbreaks are largely attributed to the interruption of anti-larval 

 measures owing to the war. 



Mechanical means of defence against mosquitos (screens, mosquito- 

 nets, etc.) are efficacious and indispensable for complete protection, 

 and deserve to be more widely employed, as they protect not only from 

 mosquitos, but also from flies. A mosquito-proof tent formed of a 

 folding metal stand draped with mosquito-netting is described and 

 illustrated. 



Howard (C. W.). The Common Mosquitos of Minnesota. — Sixteenth 

 Eept. Minnesota State Entomologist for 1915 and 1916, St. AntJiony 

 Park, 1st December 1916, pp. 73-92, 7 figs. 



This paper contains a popular account of the mosquitos found in 

 l\Iinnesota, which include some twenty species. The domestic 

 mosquitos, i.e., those which breed in artificial collections of water in the 

 vicinity of human dwellings, include Culex pipiens and C. restuans ; the 

 other species are those which breed in natural collections of either 

 permanent or temporary water, open or in woodlands. These include 

 Ochlerotaius {Aedes) sylvestris, Theo., 0. {A.) canadensis, Theo., 0. {A.) 

 fiiscus, O.S., 0. {A.) abfitchi. Felt & Young, 0. (A.) trivittatus, Coq., 

 0. {A.) auroides, Felt, Taeniorhynchus (Mansonia) pertiirbans. Walk., 

 Culex tarsalis, Coq., Anopheles punctipennis, Say, and A. quadrima- 

 culatus, Say. Less common in Minnesota are Culex dyari, Ochlerotaius 

 (Aedes) impiger, 0. (A.) triseriatus, 0. (A.) nemorosus, 0. (A.) curriei, 

 and Wyeomyia smilhi. 



A key is given for the determination of adult mosquitos and mosquito 

 larvae and the usual controls are recommended. 



(C417) Wt.Po/131' 1.500. 11.17. B.&F.Ltd. Gp.11/3. * 



