176 



Ferraeo (G.). I Ditteri ematofaghi della Colonia Eritrea ineriminati 

 della Trasmissione delle Tripanosomiasi locali. [The blood-sucking 

 Diptera of Eritrea accused of transmitting local Trypanosomiasis.] 

 Clinica Veterinaria, Milan, xxxx, no. 17-18, 15th-30t]i September 

 1917, pp. 487-493. 



Since March. 1912, when Pricolo reported the discovery of a 

 tr\^3anosome in dromedaries in Eritrea, the author has conducted a 

 series of investigations on the trypanosomes of that colony. Camel 

 trypanosomiasis is undoubtedly widespread there and the follo^-ing 

 blood-sucking flies may be considered to be transmitters of both this 

 and cattle trypanosomiasis : Sto7noxys taeniata, Bigot, S. calcitrans, 

 L., Tabanus leucostomus, Lw. {ohliquemaculatus, Macq.), T. paUidi- 

 facies, Sure, T. gratus, Lw., T. cordieri, Sure, Haematopota abyssinica, 

 Sure, Pangonia beckeri, Bezzi, and P. magretiii,Bezzi. The two last- 

 named are local, being found in or on the borders of Abyssinia. 

 Additional species are Tabanus sufis, Jaenn., which apparently occurs 

 in Morocco also, and Hipj)obosca maculata, found throughout southern 

 Asia and in Upper Egypt. T. leucostomus seems to be the most 

 coimnon species in the colony. No species of Glossina has yet been 

 found there. Though no reliance can be placed in the local names, 

 which are very confused, the flies chiefly incriminated by the natives 

 are blood-sucking, tropical species with the same geographical 

 distribution as trypanosomiasis. According to Pricolo this disease 

 has never been met with in Tunisia and Tripoh except in a few 

 impoi-ted camels, from which the infection did not spread — a fact 

 which points to the absence of vectors in those regions. In any 

 case observed in Mediterranean Africa it is necessary to enquire if 

 the affected animal has not journeyed farther inland than 20° N. 

 latitude. There is no reason for attributing to Stonioxys alone the 

 transmission of cattle trypanosomiasis, which is more local than 

 camel trypanosomiasis and might well be carried by local species such 

 as Haematopota. The lives of these flies appear to be governed by the 

 humidity of the seasons and of the soil. In the districts between 

 2,800 and 7,300 feet, rains are usual in July, August and September, 

 more rare in March and April, and Stomoxys is found throughout the 

 year. It may, therefore, be assumed that all the flies recorded above 

 occur in these districts, some of them all the year round. In the 

 districts between sea-level and 5,300 feet the rainy season extends 

 from December to April. Mists are common in this zone and flies are 

 very abundant in wooded localities that are not excessively hot. As 

 a rule the Tabanids appear after the first rains and the subsequent 

 hot weather. Stomoxys brunnipes is said to prefer a cool climate and 

 to be rare in flat, hot, low-lying land. 



Dawe (M. T.). Relaci6n de un Viaje por el Rfo Magdalena, por el 

 Departamento del Magdalena y por la Peninsula de la Goajira 

 (Colombia). [Account of a Journey on the Magdalena River, in 

 the Department of Magdalena and in the Goajira Peninsula 

 (Colombia).] — Memoria Ministro Agric. y Comercio, at Coiigreso 

 de 1917, Anexos ; Bogota, 1917, pp. 63-116. 



The tick, Margaropus {Boopiliilus) australis, Pull., and the fly, 

 Dermatobia hominis, were found infesting cattle on this tour. 



