(S. Tilt' small ()>al encysted foniis of the ffciixtoiiioiuis passect 

 by the Hea are n ery resistant structures. They will withstand 

 dryiu<>- for '-24 hours, and then g-ive rise to a culture of Ilerpe- 

 foinoiuis when introduced into NNN mediuni. 



The author thinks that, iiiasnundi as the flea may coutain a 

 natural II erpetoinonds ahnost indistin<i'uishal)le from cultures of 

 Leislinuuiid. l^asilc and those who have followed liim may have 

 misinteri)rete(I what they foimd in fleas. The number of fleas 

 found b\ ]5asile to be infected with Aviiat he re<)'arded as Lcish- 

 iiKutid was well below the percentage found in other places to be 

 naturally infected with llerpetoiitdiids. The II erpetoiiioiuis found 

 by the author in fleas corresponds entirely with those described by 

 Basile and Alvarez;; and Pereira da Silva. The author's flea 

 experiments were made with LcislniKiiiin tropica and Basile's with 

 the LeisJi nitin/ii of infantile kala azar and it may be urg'ed that 

 the resnlts are not comparable. Leisli iikiii'ki derived from all 

 sources behave so similarly in culture media and in l)ed-bu<>s that 

 if one develops in sntdi a host as the flea it would be expected that 

 the other would at least show some indication of siudi a develoj)- 

 ment. 



He is in accoid with Xicolle and Jiasile that tlie kala azar (d' 

 the Mediterranean districts is the same disease in (diildren as in 

 dogs. Patton and Gabbi regard them as distinct, but the fact that 

 the two occur together in all the endemic centres is in itself 

 almost (-(Uivincing. The fact of a (diild, a dog and a cat being 

 found all infected on an isolated farm near xVlgiers and that kala 

 azar nuiv be i)roduced in dogs by inoculation with the human 

 virus, seems to be all but i)roof that the two forms are identical. 



The distribution of the Mediterranean kala azar in children 

 and dogs points to the flea as a likely transmitter of the nuilady. 

 The mos(|uito may be the transmitter, as it feeds hoth on dogs 

 and man. The author thinks that in India the bed-bug may be 

 the carrier, but until the ex])erinu'nt (d' transiuission has l)een 

 carried out. we must be content to keej) an o])en mind upon this 

 subject. 



Stan'Ion (Dr. A. T.), bacteriologist. Institute for Medical 



Pesear( h. Federated Malay States. The Anopheles Mosquitos 



of Malaya and their Larvae, with some Notes on Malaria-carrying 



Species.—//. L,>nd. Srh. Tn>p. Med. 11., part 1. Dec., I!)!'-.'. 



I)p. .'Ml. 



Since the publication of the nionogtaph by \^v^. (i. l'\ Leicester 



and ('. W. Daniels on the CrniciDAE of Malaya in l!)()8, sevei'al 



new obseivations have been nuide whi(di ap])ear to be of sufficient 



\alue to justify a re\ ision of the grou]) of Malayan AnopJiclcs. 



An examination of specimens from different countries in the 



(Oriental region and of the types preserved in the British Museum 



of Xaturtil History has shown that miudi confusion still exists 



in mosquito nomenclatuie. In certain cases the same mosquito 



is known under different names — for example, fulijjiiKisus of 



India is identical with iiiripcs of Malaya; while in other cases 



different mosquitos are known under the same name — for 



