26 



ill general produce mosqiiitos tliroiiglioiit the -warm montlis, is a 

 misconception. The bulk of the mosquitos of IN'orth America 

 are derived from larvae which develop in the snow-water in early 

 spring and for a short period all the lesser bodies of water swarm 

 with larvae, though none can be found in them during the 

 remainder of the season. These larvae hatch from eggs deposited 

 in the previous summer on leaves or rubbish in depressions of 

 the ground. There is but one brood and the larval period is 

 short, but the female imagos are long-lived (weeks and even 

 months) and the egg-stage lasts through the winter to the follow- 

 ing spring. The species hibernating as eggs and developing in 

 the early spring (mostly of the genus Aedes, Dyar & Knab) are 

 numerous, and unless the oiling of their breeding pools be carried 

 out exactly at the right time and on a very extensive and detailed 

 scale, the work will be useless. The author thinks that the sug- 

 gestion of Dr. Adolf Eysell is likely to be thoroughly effective if 

 properly carried out, that is, the removal and burning, late in 

 the autumn, of the old dead leaves and plant debris from the 

 dried-out pools in which the larvae woiild appear later. Failing 

 this, the leaves, etc., may be stacked on high ground where water 

 will not collect; but the author regards the hitter as an ineffectual 

 method, since the amount of water required for the breeding of 

 the mosquito is so small. 



Clelaxd (J. B.). Injuries and Diseases of Man in Australia 

 attributable to Animals (except Insects).—//. Troiy. Med. cv 

 Hijff., xvi. No. 3, 1st Feb. .11)13, pp. 43-45. 



Human, infection by ticks. — Along the east coast of Australia 

 where there is dense scrub and tropical jungle it is not at all 

 uncommon at certain times of the year to find that ticks {Ixodes 

 holocyclus) attach themselves to man. The result is rarely any- 

 thing beyond irritation, but occasionally, generally in children, 

 severe symptoms have followed and even death; dogs and even 

 pigs also suffer. Dr. Jos. Bancroft, of Queensland, writing as far 

 back as 1884, says that these ticks often kill dogs and cats, though 

 native animals endure them without much injury. A case is 

 mentioned of a girl of 13 months old acquiring ticks from her 

 father and others who carried her in their arms on returning from 

 a walk in scrub infected with ''bottle ticks" (/. Jiolocj/clus) : 

 the child fell ill and three days later a tick was found attached 

 beliind the left ear. The temperature rose to 101-6° F. and the 

 pulse to 140 and the child appeared to be partially paralysed; 

 death occurred on the day the tick was found. Another case of a 

 man from whom 200 ticks were removed is cited; the symptoms 

 were weak heart, collapse and syncope; tlie patient recovered 

 under treatment. 



Human Trypanosomiasis in Southern Rhodesia. — Fnpublished 

 Rei)()ri. by the British South Africa C'o]ni)auv, to tlie Secre- 

 tary of State for the Colonies, 30th November, 1912. 



The Medical Director to the British South Africa Company 

 reports 10 cases of trypanosomiasis in the Sebungwe district — one 



