bugs taken from the beds of patients affected with kahi-azar in 

 Sicily, and has never been able to find i^arasites which he could 

 identify with those of leishmaniasis. 



Britton (W. E.). Mosquito Plague of the Connecticut Coast 

 Region, and how to control it. — Report of the Connecticut 

 Agric. Expt. 8ta. in jMewhaven, Connecticut, 1912, pp. 259- 

 283. 



The salt marshes along the coast furnish the principal supply 

 of mosquitos in the southern portion of the State, for the species 

 which breed in these marshes lly inland for long distances. They 

 are large and very abundant, biting to such an extent that they 

 make life a burden to many inhabitants, and keep away 

 summer visitors from the Connecticut coast. The two species 

 which breed abundantly on the salt marshes are Culex cantator, 

 Coq., and Culex sollicitans, Walk. The former breeds early in 

 the season, but about 1st July is almost or wholly replaced by the 

 latter. The area of these marshes is 22,264 acres, or about 34f 

 square miles, distributed evenly along the coast in the southern 

 parts of the State. The mosquito surveyor of Connecticut re- 

 ported in 1904 that half of the entire salt marsh area of the place 

 had at some time been thoroughly drained for hay farming. 

 Other portions are well drained naturally and produce few mos- 

 quitos. It is the neglected marshes which are the cause of the 

 trouble and in the author's opinion they are in a worse condition 

 to-day than they were 30 or 40 years ago. They are so clogged 

 with vegetable matter that the fresh water received from the 

 land cannot pass through them and consequently stagnates. It 

 has been estimated that the total cost of draining these marshes 

 would not be more than about £36,000. 



One of the results of draining salt marshes is that the character 

 of the vegetation changes and the spike grass (Distichlis 

 maritima), which is characteristic of mosquito-breeding areas 

 and which yields only a small quantity of very inferior hay, gives 

 place to black grass {J uncus gerardi), which makes good salt hay 

 and yields wtII. Areas which have been drained have been 

 known to produce 20 times as much hay as before the operation. 

 Oiling the marsh has been successfully tried in places where the 

 vegetation is not too thick, and a cheap sprayer consisting of a 

 cylinder of galvanised iron holding about 2h, gallons of liquid, 

 containing a pressure pump, and costing about 4^ dollars, is found 

 to be an efficient apparatus for the purpose. 



The remainder of the report is occupied with details of work 

 done, either by public authorities or at ike instigation of private 

 individuals. By means of lectures, newspaper articles and cir- 

 culars the population of the area has been awakened to tl^c fact 

 that a great deal can be done to remove the pest at a very 

 moderate expense, but at the same time these sporadic efforts 

 have not the value of a combined scheme for dealing with the 

 whole area. In certain parts of the district the species breeding 

 in stagnant fresh water cause considerable trouble. 



