52 



possible carrier of infection, and that it is almost of as much 

 importance to prevent the multiplication of cockroaches as of 

 house-flies. 



BouET ( — ), & BouBAUD (E.). Mlsslon de la Prophylaxie de la 

 Fievre Jaune au Senegal. Instructions relatives a la Lutte 

 Antilarvaire. [Mission for the Study of the Prophylaxis 

 of Yellow Fever in Senegal. Instructions for operations 

 against Mosquito larvae.] — Annales d'Hyg. et de Med. 

 Coloniales, xv, no. 4, 1912, pp. 742-750. 



The authors remark that in the course of their mission they 

 have observed only too often that the operations for the destruc- 

 tion of mosquito larvae were frequently without result, despite 

 their great importance for the health of the country, owing to 

 want of knowledge on the part of the persons to whom the work 

 was entrusted. They therefore thought it desirable to issue some 

 definite instructions on the subject. The larvae of various 

 mosquitos : — Anopheles, Culex, Mansonioides (Mansonia), 

 Ochlerotatus {Catageiomyia), and Stegomyia all develop in 

 different environments which it is most important should be 

 known. The authors divide them into pool mosquitos; mosquitos 

 breeding in marshes of large area and in lagoons; mosquitos 

 breeding in crab-holes; and mosquitos breeding in domestic 

 utensils. 



(1) Pool Mosquitos — AnopJteles. — The larvae of these are found 

 in ditches filled with herbage, water-holes in which the water is 

 muddy and greenish, and small pools containing algae with 

 herbage on the bank; abandoned clay pits and such-like places 

 Avliich fill with water in winter-time become the breeding places 

 of Anopheles in the immediate neighbourhood of villages. The 

 larvae of these mosquitos are also frequently found in quantities 

 in large artificial receptacles, such as the bottoms of boats, canoes, 

 etc. They may be immediately recognised by their position 

 parallel with the surface of the water. The destruction of larvae 

 found under these conditions and in such places is of great im- 

 portance as against malaria, but does not affect the question of 



vellow fever. 



1^ 



(2) Mosquitos Breeding in Marshes of large area and Lagoons. 

 — Large mosquitos, especially Mansonioides, breed in enormous 

 quantities in these places and, driven before the wind, they some- 

 times infest towns and villages situated in the neighbourhood of 

 inundated areas very seriously. The only effective method of 

 fighting these insects is drainage on a large scale. Fortunately 

 these mosquitos do not enter into the problem either of paludism 

 •or of yellow fever, and they are only of secondary consequence 

 on account of the great annoyance which they cause. 



(3) Mosquitos Breeding in Crah-holes. — Many species of 

 mosquitos inhabit the holes dug by land-crabs, more or less close 

 to the sea or to brackish water. The only method of attack is by 

 ihe oiling of each of these holes individually, and this can only 



