66 



The blood-sucking' habit has beeu observed in the females of 

 a number of genera, e.g., Terse.sfJies, Towns., 3Iycteiomyia, l!ioi^, 

 Ciilicoides, Latr., Johanseniella, Will., Cerotoloj)hvs, Kief. The 

 author describes the mode of feeding in Culicoides and says that 

 in consequence of the shortness of the lancet this must be buried 

 in the skin close up to the head ; the first attempt to insert it 

 does not always succeed and the process is more or less slow, 

 but the quantity of blood taken relative to th'- size of the insect 

 is large. The article concludes with a description of methods 

 of capture of specimens in the act of feeding and of their pre- 

 servation, an account of the morphology of the adult insect, and 

 a bibliography. 



LuTz (A.) jS: Xeiva (A.). Contribucao para o conhecimento das 

 especies do genero Fhlehotomns existentes no Brazil. [Contri- 

 bution to our knowledge of the species of the genus Fhlebo- 

 to7nvs found in Brazil.] — Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cm:, 

 M<uiquinhos, iv, pt. 1, 1912, pp. 84-95. 



The authors describe three new species of Phlehofoimis from 

 the districts of Hio de Janeiro, Minas and Sao Paulo, found in 

 places far removed from human habitation ; but a large number 

 of specimens were also taken in woods on the Eio Trombeta 

 (Para), near the cave of Maquine in Minas, and on the banks of 

 the Tiete, where they are known under the name of " birigui," 

 and enter the houses freely, being greatly attracted by light. In 

 the open, these flies bite the horse in preference to the rider in 

 uninhabited districts. They are to be regarded as crepuscular or 

 nocturnal in their habits, although in the shade of the woods 

 they fly and bite by day. They are met with in the largest 

 numbers at 500-1000 metres above sea-level, though they are 

 also to be found in quite low-lying localities only a few metres 

 above the sea. 



Tiie species described are as follows :^ — Phlehofomns sqimmi- 

 ventris, sp. n., P. lonfjipalpis, sp. n., and P. intermedivs, sp. n. 



AusTEX (Ernest E.). The House-Fly as a danger to health. Its 

 life-history and how to deal with it. — British Mvseum {Xatvnd 

 Ilisiori/). Econoiitic Series, no. 1, 11 pp., 2 pis., o figs. 

 Printed by order of the Trustees, 1913. Price One Penny. 



The object of this pamphlet is to set before the public in 

 clear and plain language a description of the house-fly and its 

 habits and to draw attention to it as a carrier of disease. The 

 true house-fly, Mnsca domestica, L., and the lesser house-fly, 

 Fannia eanicularis, L., are figured and the differences between 

 them pointed out. Stomoxys calcitrans and Muscina stahulaiis 

 are also sufiiciently described to enable them to be distinguished 

 from the true house-fly. The breeding places and life-history of 

 the insect, its eggs, larva and pupa are described and figured. 



The destruction of large numbers of house-flies by the parasitic 

 fungus Emimsa viuscae, Cohn., is noticed. Emphasis is laid 



