67 



upon the fact that these insects breed in and feed on excreta, 

 both animal and human, and that tliey alio'ht indiscriminately 

 upon these substances as well as upou human food; so that if the 

 former materials sliould contain pathoo-enic org-anisms, the Hies 

 will carry them to the food and thus infect the human subject. 

 It is tlierefore of the greatest importance that flies sliould be 

 ■systematically destroyed, and one of the most effective methods 

 of accomplishing this is by preventing them from breeding. The 

 practical difiiculties in the way of mixing manure or garbage 

 witli chloride of lime and sulphate of iron in solution are pointed 

 out. and the importance of the regular removal of all deposits of 

 stable-manure and household dust-bin or ash-pit refuse at least 

 once a week is insisted upon. Since it has been shown that the 

 house-fly is capable of travelling scmiething like a mile, no dump- 

 ing ground for liousehold refuse of any kind should, if possible, 

 be allowed to exist within this distance of the nearest habitati(Ui. 

 Varicms methods of killing flies and traps are mentioned, and 

 the use is recommended of formalin, sweetened with sugar, in the 

 proportion of a tea-spoonful to a tea-cup full of water, which is 

 not dangerous to man and gives good results. The pamphlet 

 concludes with a condensed bibliography. 



Barloav (J.). The House Fly or Typhoid Fly. — Bull. E.rtension 

 Dept., Rhode Island State College, no. ;), 1912, 12 pp. 



As an additional preventive measure against the spread of flies 

 which breed in dust-bins and garbage cans, the author suggests 

 that a hole should be made in the lids of these and a wire fly- 

 traji arrangement fltted in such a way that the flies may escape 

 from the dust-bin when the lid is on by entering the trap from 

 within, as well as from without; the odours emanating from dust- 

 bins, &c., being sufficiently attractive to cause them to congregate 

 on the outside, whilst the arrangement secures the capture of any 

 bred in the interior. When a sufficient number have been col- 

 lected the wire cage is removed and plunged into boiling water. 



Cakter (F. H.) & Blacklock (B.). External Myiasis in a Monkey. 

 —Br. Med. J I., 11th Jan. 1913. 



The authors noticed two small groups of dipterous larvae on 

 a specimen of Cercopithecus callitrichus, which was suffering from 

 acute tuberculosis and died a day after the observation and the 

 removal of the parasites. One batch was taken from the nose 

 and region of the face surrounding the mouth, the other from 

 the right side of the body near the groin. Twenty-one in all 

 were removed in various stages of development. Three specimens 

 of the blow-fly (Calliphora erythrocepliala) and seven of Muscina 

 .stahidans were bred out, together with two of Famiia canicularh. 

 These records are of some interest, as neitl^er Fannia canicularis 

 nor Muscina atahulans can be classed among the flesh-flies, 

 although both, but more especially the former, have been known 

 to occur in the alimentary tract of human beings. There are 



