126 



laboratory conditions as Glossina 'palpalis, except that care was 

 taken to ensure an extra supply of moisture. The flies dyings 

 during the first four days were discarded, as it was presumed 

 from analogy with the behaviour of T. gauihie/ise in G. imlijalis, 

 that any flagellates found in the flies after the first four days 

 would be truly developing forms. In the experiments, the 

 results of which are tabulated, the wild flies were fed first for 

 varying numbers of days on an infected monkey and then placed 

 daily on clean monkeys until the last remaining fly died. None 

 of the monkeys became infected. Although no flagellates having^ 

 crithidial or trypanosome structure were seen in the flies dis- 

 sected, two interesting organisms were discovered, one a flagellate 

 showing the structural- characters of the Bodos, the other a 

 crescent-shaped body, which may perhaps represent some stage 

 of development of a sarcosporidian. 



Balfour (A.). Animal Trypanosomiasis in the Lado (Western 

 Mongalla) and Notes on Tsetse-fly Traps and on an Alleged 

 Immune Breed of Cattle in Southern Kordofan. — Ann. Trop. 

 Med. and Parasitologij, Series T.M., vii, no. 1, 31st March 

 1913, pp. 113-120, 2 plates. 



When the Sudan Government took over the Lado Enclave from 

 the Belgian Congo, it found itself in possession of an area 

 infected with sleeping sickness; but since that time a large 

 amount of work has been done by Captain Thompson and Lieut. 

 Eanken in studying the disease and in combating it both pro- 

 phylactically and therapeutically, though so far little attention 

 has been paid to the forms of animal trypanosomiasis present in 

 this part of Africa. 



In May of 1912 the author visited the sleeping sickness camp 

 at Yei, in Western Mongalla (as the Lado district is now called) 

 and made a number of observations and measurements of try- 

 panosomes with a view to determining the species. He says, as 

 a result of investigations, that if the infection had been derived 

 along the automobile road in Western Mongalla, the carrier was 

 probably Glossina palpalis, as G. inorsitans was not found in 

 this locality, and the only other biting flies are Haematojfota. 

 He thinks it however very probable that the bulls examined were 

 infected before going to Western Mongalla, and that some species 

 of Tabaniis, Chrijsops or Sitomoxys is the active agent in trans- 

 mitting this form of animal trypanosomiasis in the Southern 

 Sudan. The author has had a number of tsetse-fly traps con- 

 structed by the Andres Ma ire Company, one of which is figured, 

 and he suggests the following methods of attracting the flies: — 

 (1) Soaking- the central bands or wicks in a mixture of water 

 and either human or animal sweat ; (2) placing a live animal in 

 the trap ; (3) soaking the central bands in citrated blood, and 

 at the same time hanging up in the trap a piece of fresh meat 

 from an ox or buck with the skin still adherent; (4) soaking the- 

 bands as above and having in addition a tube of citrated blood 

 arranged according to the ingenious device of Eodhain and his 

 colleagues; if desired, the blood in this tube may be poisoned. 



