127 



In a note, the author says that there is a small black breed 

 of cattle found in Southern Kordofan which is said to be immune 

 to trypanosomiasis, and to be the only breed which can live in 

 the infected Koalib area, where G. morsitans abounds and con- 

 vej-s an infection due, in the author's opinion, to T . hrucel. He 

 mentions Dr. Pollard's statement that in the Muri Province of 

 Nortliern Nigeria there is a small black breed of cattle which is 

 apparently immune to tsetse. At any rate in this district these 

 cattle will live, whereas horses and imported Pulani cattle all die. 



Macfie (Dr. T. W Scott). Trypanosomiasis of Domestic Animals 

 in Northern Nigeria. — Ann. Trop. Med. cV Parasitology, 

 Series T.M., vii, no. 1, 31st March 19i:|, pp. 1-20, 3 plates. 



Trypanosomiasis is very prevalent among- domestic animals in 

 Tsorthern Nigeria, and, at any rate in the south-western i)ortions 

 of the Protectorate, causes a heavy mortality and serious finan- 

 cial losses. The author states that it is difficult to give an 

 adequate measure of the loss, but cites the following instances : — 

 In 1912 he was stationed in the province of Ilorin and in eight 

 months ten out of 15 horses owned by Europeans contracted the 

 disease and six died. Ten healthy donkeys were selected for 

 transport purposes, and within three months all had died. At 

 Zungeru 25 horses were treated for the disease and of these 40 per 

 cent, either died, or were so seriously affected that they were 

 sold for practically nothing. Dr. Watson has estimated that 

 at Lokoja the disease is even more serious, and that over 

 To per cent, of the horses were killed or incaiJacitated by tsetse 

 disease. The disease appears to be spreading, and this is proved 

 by the additions made from time to time to the list of localities 

 in which the Government declines to compensate officers for the 

 loss of horses which have died from trypanosomiasis contracted 

 in the discharge of official duties. Losses amongst natives 

 cannot be correctly ascertained, but they must be very great, and 

 their magnitude may be gauged by the experience of the Emirs 

 who attended the Coronation Durbar at Zaria in June 1911, one 

 of whom is said to have lost 70 per cent, of his horses. Eviro- 

 peans who were compelled in the exercise of their duty to visit 

 those tracts of Nigeria which are known to be unsuitable for 

 horses, not only sacrificed their own animals, but on the way 

 home passing through other districts spread the disease in every 

 direction. Besides liorses, cattle, and especially goats and dogs, 

 are also affected. In their long trek to the coast, the herds of 

 cattle from the north carry trypanosomiasis with them, main- 

 taining the infection in old localities and introducing it into 

 new. The herdsmen quickly recog*nise the symptoms of the 

 disease and slaughter the beasts wherever they may happen to 

 be. Ilorin is situated at a point on the main caravan road where 

 the routes from Kano and Sokoto converge, and that the majority 

 of animals slaughtered there for the market were found to b& 

 suffering from tryjjanosomiasis. The author gives tables showing 



