137 



"tlierefore, recommends the erection, on stretches of open conntry, 

 of one or more wooden screens, made preferably from old, 

 darkened boards with an uneven surface, as these would be more 

 attractiA'e to the insects. These screens must be so placed that 

 one side should be turned to the south or soutli-west, at the same 

 time protecting- the gadflies from the prevailing; winds of the 

 district. It is preferable to make them portable. During' the 

 morning', before it becomes hot, the shepherds can easily catch the 

 flies with their hands, tearing* off one wing-, or tlie head, and 

 putting them into a bottle, so that they can be counted later. If 

 there are sheepfolds in these pla(^es their walls must also be 

 exaniined. The author recommends encouraging the destruction 

 of the insects in this way by offering a small reward (|J. or M.) 

 for each fiv. 



Macfie (Dr. J. W. Scoti). The Distribution of Glossina in the 

 Ilorin Province of Northern Nigeria. — Bull. Entom. Researcli, 

 iv, pt. 1, May I'Jlo, pp. 1-28, 7 pis., 1 map, 5 figs. 



The author says that in Xorthern Xigeria the foci of sleeping 

 sickness are at present peculiarly isolated, but that the disease 

 may possibly spread with the opening up of the country and the 

 conseciueut increased facilities for intercommunication. It is 

 said to be endemic in the neighbouring province of 'Eabba and 

 might readily move westwards into Ilorin, in a large part of 

 which tsetse-flies already spread disease amongst the cattle and 

 horses to such an extent that these animals cannot live. Never- 

 theless during the dry season herds of cattle pass, day after day, 

 in an almost continuous stream along the high-roads on their 

 waj' to Lagos from the north, though manj- of them die on the 

 road. 



The various divisions of the province and their characteristics 

 iire described, and tables of temperature and rainfall are given. 

 Collections were obtained from more than 500 diftereut localities 

 and the species of Glossina \\o\e(\. were G. palpalis, G. tacliinoidcs, 

 G. movsitans and G. longipalpalis. Generally speaking G. pal- 

 palis and G. tacliinoides occur in all districts. G. worsitans was 

 curiously restricted to the eastern division. Xo flies of this 

 species were taken to the west of a line corresponding roughly 

 with the fifth degree of longitude, and none was found further 

 south than Egbe and Offa Ora. Each division is treated 

 separately with regard to the distribution of the flies, and at the 

 end of the paper is a complete synopsis of the localities in which 

 flies were taken. An example is given of the good effect of 

 destroying a patch of marsh near the town of Offa, which was a 

 haunt of G. palpalis. The flies were previously very numerous 

 about this marsh, but after it had been cleared and drained, 

 diligent search in July, August and September, that is during 

 the height of the rains, failed to reveal any tsetses and the 

 European residents informed the author tlmt they had not 

 observed any in their oflices or bungalows. 



A table is given showing the distribution of Fulani cattle 

 in the province, which is interesting as indicating the districts 



