156 



Tlie great variation iu size and structure observable in the genus 

 is merely due to the imperfect nutrition of smaller individuals 

 in their immature stages. It is only by determining the range of 

 variability under experimental conditions that the limits of a 

 species in this respect can be ascertained and the making of bad 

 «pecies prevented. Arranging the specimens in series from the 

 largest to the smallest, all grades of modification in the various 

 structures can be observed, a fact which agrees with what the 

 author has found in this species of tick collected from different 

 hosts under natural conditions. 



CuNLiFFE (N.). The Variability of Rhipicephalus pvlcJiellus 

 (Gerstacker 1873) , together with its Geographical Distribution. — 

 Farasitologij, vi, no. 2, July lUlo, pp. 204:-21t), 6 figs. 



The variability of those structural characters which are usually 

 employed (e.g. the scutum) in determining a species of the genus 

 Rhipicephalus is discussed and illustrated by correlation and other 

 diagrams iu the case of the zebra tick (R. pulchellns). This tick 

 is comparatively rare, since during a period of nine years only 44 

 consignments have been received by Prof. Nuttall. With three 

 exceptions, it has been obtained only from British East Africa 

 and Uganda, where it is widely spread ; other localities being 

 Zanzibar and British Somaliland. The following is an authentic 

 list of its hosts: — Horse, ass, zebra, rhinoceros, wart-hog, wilde- 

 beeste, hartebeeste, waterbuck, lesser kudu, eland, fringe-eared 

 oryx, impala, cattle, lion, striped hyena, domesticated and wild 

 dogs. 



GoLDi (Prof. Dr. Emil A.). Die sanitarisch-pathologische Bedeut- 

 ung- der Insekten und verwandten Gliedertiere. namentlich als 

 Krankheits-Erreger und Krankheits-tJbertrager. [The sanitary 

 and pathological importance of insects and allied Arthropoda, 

 especially as producers and carriers of disease.] 155 pp., 

 178 figs. E. Friedlander & Soliu, Berlin, 1913. Price 9s. 



The author says in his preface that this book has arisen out of 

 the needs of his university teaching, and the attempt to treat so 

 large a subject in 155 pages, of which the equivalent of nearly 50 

 pages is occupied by illustrations, has resulted in the production 

 of an excellent syllabus rather than a complete text-book. It is 

 remarkable how much material has been dealt with in the limited 

 space, and the author has in fact provided the outlines for a larger 

 and more comprehensive work. Not only are the external 

 characters of the principal disease-carr^'ing insects and other 

 arthropods fully shown in the illustrations, but special attention 

 has been paid to the anatomy of mouth parts. Unfortunately 

 the maps of the distribution of certain diseases throughout the 

 world are much too small to be of practical value. The work is 

 divided into three parts:— (I.) Puncturing, biting and stinging 

 arthropods (28 pp.), in which the author ;5?ioups those which by 



