164 



fleas, lice and bugs are all precluded either by their extended 

 occurrence, by their dependence on man, or by their day-biting 

 proclivities. The author's attention having been drawn to 

 Marett's investigations on PJilehotomus, the habits of the early 

 stages and of the flies fit so well into the conditions obtaining in 

 the verruga zones that, in spite of the fact that there has hitherto 

 been no record of the occurrence of Phlebotoinus in Peru, or any- 

 where in the Pacific coast region, the conclusion was irresistible 

 that a PJilehotomus must be the carrier of verruga. Night 

 collecting at Chosica just below the limits of the verruga zone 

 never disclosed any Phlehotomns . However, passing the night 

 of 25th June 1913, at San Bartolome in the verruga zone of the 

 Rimac valley, the author was able to find several specimens of 

 PJilehotomus, besides Ceratopogon and other Chironomids. The 

 natives call all the nocturnal gnats " titira," but the more intelli- 

 gent distinguish the true titira as the PJilehotomus, stating that it 

 has white wings. The fact that PJilehotomus avoid wind, sun and 

 full daylight coincides with the localisation of verruga in deep 

 and hot canons where there is much vegetation and little ventila- 

 tion. The flies suck the blood of almost any warm-blooded 

 animal, and even that of lizards. Thus they are quite indepen- 

 dent of man, and this accords with the verruga reservoir being 

 located in the native fauna. The author is confident that the 

 transmission experiments on laboratory animals will demonstrate 

 the agency of PJilehotomus in the transmission of the disease. 



Dyat? (H. G.) & Knab (P.). Three New Neotropical Mosquitos. — 



Insecutor Inscitiae Menstiviis, WasJiiiirjton, i, Tune 1918, 

 pp. 7G-T8. 



Descriptions of SnhetJies cJtrolopus, sp. n., from Potaro High- 

 lands, British Guiana; Aedes ioliotaa-p. n., from Trinidad, where 

 the larvae were found in water in a hollow tree; Uranotaeivia 

 Jiystera, sp. n., from Manoa, Orinoco Piver, Venezuela. 



Johnston (T. H.) & Harrison (L.). A Census of Australian Mai- 

 lophaga. — Ptoc. Roy. Soc. Qveensland, xxiv, 191o, pp. 1-15. 



A list of Australian Mallophaga and their avian and marsupial 

 hosts. 



Johnston (T. H.) & Harrison (L.). A List of Mallophaga found 

 on Introduced and Domesticated Animals in Australia. — Proc. 

 Roy. Soc. Queensland, xxiv, 1913, pp. 17-22. 



Tlie hosts of Mallophaga recorded in this paper are: — The 

 common fowl, turkey, guinea-fowl, pheasant, silver pheasant, 

 peacock, Indian dove, goose, duck, muscovy duck, swan, starling, 

 skylark, ostrich, ass, horse, ox, sheep, goat, cat and guinea-pig. 



