222 



An, Italiau, wlio liad been breaking rock in camp between 

 A^errugas canyon and San Bartolome, arrived at tke station, 

 evidently suffering from verruga, and lie acknowledged that lit- 

 had been much bitten by titira in the evenings while in cam]). 

 Material collected later proved to include a Ceratopogon and an 

 Orthocladius, which both occur also at Chosica, and two specimens 

 of a PhlehotomiiH, with mouth-parts well adapted tor sucking 

 blood. 



Phlchotnmvs does not occur at Chosica. The natives gave in- 

 formation to the effect that they were more prevalent at night 

 in the neighbourhood of Verrugas canyon than at San Bartolome 

 at this season. 



It is well known that verruga localities are always situated near 

 deep narrow canyons, with much vegetation, heat and little 

 ventilation. This fits in with the habits of Phlehofomus, which 

 avoids the wind, the sun and even full daylight. They come out 

 at sunset and enter houses not too strongly lighted, and during 

 the day lie hidden in loose earth, in caves, or within the inter- 

 stices of rocks. This explains both the " excavation " and " soil '" 

 theories of infection. 



Tliat the men employed in Iniilding tlie Central liailway Bridge 

 in 1909 escaped infection when th'ey passed their nights at 

 Chosica, is explained by the fact that the gnats do not come out 

 until sunset and are at all times absent from Chosica. 



So far it has not been possible to obtain sufficient Phlehofomns 

 material to experiment with, but it is expected that when ex])eri- 

 ments are made, the work will give positive results as regards th(^ 

 connection between Phlehofomus and verruga infection. 



Becker (Tli.). Dipteren aus Marokko. [Dipt era from Morocco.] 

 — .:l/;/(. .I///.S. y.ixil. Acad. Imp. Set., St. J^etershifrg, xviii, 

 pt. 1, 19i;;, pp. ()2-85. 



In this list of Diptera, 204 species in all, the following 

 Tahanidae are given as having been collected at Tangier: — 

 Tahanus 2^i(l<'hellus, Iav., 7'. harharus, L., T. vittatns, ¥., T. 

 toinentosus, Macq., 7'. (iter, Rossi, T. ale.randrivvs, Wied., T. 

 autumfuih's, Ti.. and T. iiwlestans, sp. n. 



DoATN'E (R. W.). An Annotated List of the Literature on Insects 

 and Disease for the Year 1912. — ■//. Eron. Enfo/n., Coticonl, 

 \'i, no. 4, 191u, pp. oGO-oSo. 



The literature published in 1912 concerning all questions bear- 

 ing on the transmission of disease by insects, is classified under 

 the names of diseases, and under the names of insects or other 

 animals which share in the transmission. In every case an 

 account is given in a few words of the scope of the papers men- 

 tioned. The list is confined to English and American journals. 



