L>:^1 



Dr. Dyar liiinself holds that either the true insect liost lias 

 been overlooked, or that tlie men have contracted the disease 

 on visits to towns. He regards the chance as remote that a non- 

 domestic species of Anopheles, never before having carried 

 Imman malaria, should be in a condition to do so when malaria 

 cases were presented. The third alternative he regards as no 

 more than a possibility, since no malarial organisms are at 

 present known to inhabit wild animals and to be transferable 

 to man. If such a condition exist, it is in need of proof. 



Continuing the discussion, Dr. Jennings describes other cases 

 of malaria breaking out in uninhabited regions. In searching 

 for mosquitos in connection with such outbreaks he failed to find 

 any which are associated with malaria in towns. He refers to 

 Dr. Lutz's statement that malaria was common in damp regions 

 but not in dry ones, and suggests that most of the workmen 

 probably had latent malaria in their systems, which the damp 

 conditions would l)ring out. whereas in dry situations the disease 

 will remain latent. 



The Yellow Fever Danger for Asia and Australia, especially after the 

 Opening- of the Panama Canal. --.//. Trop. Med. cV Hi/g., 

 London, XVI, no. 18, ir)th Sept. 191:5, pp. 292-293. 



The present account deals with the distribution and biology 

 of Stegomyia fasciata (Aedes calopus) in Asia and Australia, 

 with reference to the possible spread of yellow fever to those 

 continents, following upon the opening of the Panama Canal. 

 S. fasciata can remain infective very long after haying bitten 

 a yellow fever patient. In tropical seas this insect not only 

 remains alive but can also breed on board-ship, so that the 

 disease nuiy be carried by ship over considerable distances. On 

 account of this it seems certain that so long as yellow fever 

 occurs in America, the possibility of infected Stegomyia being 

 transported to Asia and Australia remains. As to whether the 

 conditions in the latter continents would favour the establish- 

 ment of the disease, it is thought that, if one may judge from 

 temperature conditions, yellow fever, once transported, will 

 be able to hold its own and be propagated further; and it is 

 known that »S. fasciata is already widely distributed in Asia 

 and Australia. 



Kegai-ding measures to be taken in those areas against yellow 

 fever, it is advised that every ship arriving in the Stegomyia 

 zone be made to remain at a sufficient distance from the coast, 

 and there be examined for mosquitos, larvae, and yellow fever 

 patie]its. If mosquitos and larvae are found, they should be 

 killed, and patients should be carried from the ship in mosquito 

 nets and nursed in a mosquito-proof hospital. As a further 

 precaution the whole ship should be fumigated. It has been 

 pointed out that yellow fever is endemic not only on the Atlantic, 

 but also on the Pacific side of America, in countries where the 



