60 



Wood (W. B.). The Oriental Peach Moth: a Japanese Fruit Insect 

 recently introduced into the United States. — Mihly. Bull. Col. 

 State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vii, no. 9, September 1918, 

 pp. 523-528, 8 figs. [Received 6th December 1918.] 



Cydia (Laspeyresia) molesta, Busck (oriental peach moth), recently 

 introduced into the United States, has become firmly estabhshed in the 

 eastern States. Larvae were first discovered in the twigs and fruit 

 of peach late in 1915 in the vicinity of Washington, D.C, A small 

 amount of injury noticed during the two preceding years had been 

 attributed to Anarsia lineatella, L. (peach twig-borer). The view 

 that this insect is an importation from Japan is strengthened by the 

 fact that it has been recognised as a pest in that country for about 

 10 years, causing considerable injury to peaches and pears. So far, 

 there is no evidence of its presence on the Pacific coast. Particulars 

 of its fife-history and parasites, as well as such remedial measures as 

 are possible, have already been given at length from other sources 

 [see this Review, Ser. A, vi, pp. 369,373]. 



Mackie (D. B.). Some Results of Gypsy Moth Presence in Massachusetts. 

 — Mihly. Bull. Cal. State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vii, no, 9, 

 September 1918, p. 536. [Received 6th December 1918.] 



The control of the gipsy moth [Porthetria dispar] cost the State of 

 Massachusetts in 1917, £70,000 for lead arsenate alone. When to 

 this is added the cost of labour, equipment, etc., and an additional 

 sum amounting to more than one-third of the above expended by 

 private individuals on poisons, etc., some idea may be gained of what 

 this pest is costing the State annually. 



However, as a compensation, the entire system of forestry practice 

 has been radically changed owing to the presence of the moth. As a 

 result of the information gained by intensive studies of its feeding 

 habits a definite plan of procedure has been developed and is being 

 rigidly adhered to. All seU-sowTi growth of oaks, birches and other 

 species which serve as food-plants is kept cut out and conditions are 

 made unfavourable for their propagation. Further, spray machinery 

 has been vastly improved, giant power sprayers having been con- 

 structed, largely of bronze, and perfected till they are capable of 

 throwing a spray over the highest forest trees, thus materially reducing 

 sprapng costs. 



Mackie (D. B.). Some Aliens we do not want, why we do not want 

 them, and how they may arrive, iii. The European Cornstalk 

 Borer. — Mthly. Bull. Cal. State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vii, 

 no. 9, September 1918. pp. -"341-544, 5 figs. [Received 6th 

 December ] 



Pyrausta nubilalis (European cornstalk borer) was introduced into 

 Cahfornia from Europe in a cargo of hemp {Cannabis sativa), and has 

 already established itself and spread north and south of its point of 

 entry. Though a most destructive pest of maize, being closely allied 

 to P. vastatrix, the chief maize pest in certain regions of the Orient, 

 it feeds on a number of other plants, including sorghum, and is beheved 

 occasionally to infest sugar-cane. It feeds by boring in the stalk, 

 generally entering at the node and working upwards. 



