64 



The extracts were also tested with good results on apple aphis 

 [Aphis pomi], apple sucker [Psylla mali], gooseberry aphis [Aphis 

 grossnlariae] and rose aphis [Aphis rosae]. 



Rutgers (A. A. L.)- Verslag van den Directeur van het Algemeen 

 Proefstation der A.V.R.O.S.. 1 Juli 1917—30 Juni 1918. [Report 

 of the Director of the General Experiment Station of the General 

 Association of the Rubber-planters of the East Coast of Sumatra, 

 1st July 1917 to 30th June 1918.]— Me£?an, 1918, 44 pp. [Received 

 13th November 1918.] 



The insects received during the year included the following pests of 

 Hevm : The ])orers, Plafypns solidus, Wlk., P, schuUzei, Strohm., and 

 Xylothrips fluvipes, III. ; all these appear to be secondary pests chiefly 

 found in trees injured by lightning. Two scales, Aspidioiiis sp. and 

 another species believed to be Saissetia {Lecaniuni) nigra, also occurred. 

 On one estate the weeds were attacked by caterpillars of Prodenia 

 and Ergolis, and it was feared that the removal of weeds would result 

 in infestation of the Flevea. Psyche snelleni, HeyL , proved very trouble- 

 some on one estate. The conical shelters of the larvae are formed of 

 pieces of bark ; they usually feed on bark or on moss gro\Ndng on bark, 

 but in this case they attacked fresh one-month-old bast a short distance 

 above the tap- wound, making holes resembling neglected tap- wounds. 

 Only some of the larvae feed in this manner ; most of them are found 

 much higher up the stem and branches. Their hfe-history is similar 

 to that of other Psychids. The newly hatched larvae spin their 

 miniature cases from the material of that of the parent and begin 

 feeding. These small larvae readily attach themselves to the clothes 

 of passing persons or to the skin of animals, and this is their sole method 

 of spreading. Collection of the cocoons is the remedial measure 

 advised. 



Tea pests included Pachypeltis humeralis, Wlk., or another closely- 

 allied Capsid bug, and a Lygaeid bug ; a Braconid was also present 

 which is probably more beneficial than injurious. Helopeltis has not 

 yet been observed on tea in Sumatra. Injurious Capsids reported 

 from the East Coast include Helopeltis sumatranus, Rpke. , H. fheivora, 

 Waterh., found on Ficus hispida, and H. antonii, Sign., on cacao. 

 LamelUcorn beetle larvae injured the roots of young tea plants in 

 seed-beds. 



Liberia coffee was infested by the scale, Pulvinaria psidii. Mask., 

 but the injury was very slight. A sample of coffee was found to be 

 severely infested by the coffee beetle, Araecerus fascicidatus. As 

 carbon bisulphide was difficult to obtain sulphur fumigation was 

 resorted to, but proved useless against the eggs and perhaps against 

 the larvae also. This beetle or a very closely related species also 

 attacks the seeds of Crotalaria and Tephrosia. 



Among coconut pests were : — Brachartona cafoxantha, which on 

 one estate defohated about 3,000 palms, but was checked by collection 

 and by a Tachinid parasite, aided by a Chalcid and a Clerid beetle, 

 Callimerus sp. Coconuts were also attacked by Hidari irava, Moore, 

 Hispid and Cucujid beetles, Oryctes rhinoceros, Xylotrupes gideon, 

 and Rhynchophorus ferrugineiis. Copra was infested by a Tineid 

 moth, by a Nitiduhd beetle {Carpophilus sp.), a Cucujid {Laemophloeus 



