74 



(pale western cutworm) and Tortrix (Cacoecia) confliclana, Wlk. (large 

 aspen tortrix). 



In 1916 aspen poplars over a wide area in Manitoba were found to 

 be infested by small Lepidopterous caterpillars, which first ate holes 

 in the unfolding leaves and then curled them by means of silken 

 webs ; they migrate to another leaf when their food-supply is exhausted 

 the trees being thus practically defoliated. Two species, remarkedly 

 alike in habits, were concerned, viz. :- Tortrix conflictana and 

 Argyroploce duplex^ Wlsm. 



The eggs, in masses of from 160-600, are attached to the upper 

 surface of the leaves in the first half of June. The larvae emerge 

 about 10th July and immediately crawl to tlie under-surface of the 

 leaves in which they eat small holes. By about 24th July all have 

 vanished to hibernate on the ground, reappearing in the spring and 

 reascending the trees. Full-grown larvae, instead of curhne a single 

 leaf, usually spin 2 or 3 together. Pupation takes place about 10th 

 July, almost a year from the time of hatching, the curled leaves being 

 used for the purpose. 



During the second year of this infestation the insects were attacked 

 by several Hymenopterous parasites and by many birds, the numbers 

 being appreciably diminished thereby. In the spring of 1918, however, 

 hot weather in April induced both early f oh age and an early awakening 

 of the larvae. A subsequent change to almost winter weather killed 

 the greater part of the newly opened leaves and caused a dearth in 

 the food supply, kilUng off the young larvae and putting an end to 

 the infestation. 



Remedial measures for woodlands are not practicable at present, 

 but ornamental trees may be sprayed to kill the young caterpillars 

 towards the middle of July, or the trees may be banded with some 

 adhesive material to prevent the larvae from ascending them after 

 hibernation. 



Robinson (E.). Descriptions and Records of Philippine Coccidae. — 



Philippine Jl. Science, Manila, xiii. Sec. D. no. 4, July 1918, 

 pp. 145-147, 3 figs. [Received 12th December 1918.] 



The Coccids dealt with in this paper are \—P}ienacoccus spinosus, 

 sp. n., on FicHS nota ; Pseadococcus virgatus, Ckll., on Hibiscus rosa- 

 sinensis and Bridelia stijmlaris ; Hemichionaspis aspidistrae, Sign., on 

 the mature fruit of Areca catechu, L. ; Aspidiotus cydoniae, Comst., 

 and Pseudaonidia manilensis, sp. n., on Samanea sanian ; Chrysom- 

 pJmlus rossi, Msk. , on Phalaenopsis sp. ; Greenidla javanensis, Green, 

 on Eugenia sp. ; Lepidosaphes gloveri, Pack., on mature fruits of 

 Areca catechu ; and Cryptoparlatoria vberifera, Lind., on Artocorpus 

 and MaUotus philippincnsis. 



CoAD (B. R.). Recent Experimental Work on Poisoning Cotton-boll 

 Weevils.— 27. aS. Dept. Agric.. Washington. B.C., Bull. no. 731, 

 19th July 1918, 15 pp., 10 figs. [Received 12th December 1918.] 



Innumerable attempts to control the Mexican cotton-boll weevil 

 lAnthonomus grandis] by the use of poisons have been made, practically 

 from the time of its first appearance ; the results, however, have 

 always been discouraging. This is attributed to the fact that the 



