99 



Tokyo Sericultural Institute and the Koyto Sericultural Institute 

 consider 40° F. (5° C.) to be the best temperature for storing eggs. 



The author has carried out several experiments both with natural 

 and artificial temperatures and has found that an average temperature 

 of 5° C. [40° F.] does not affect the vitahty of eggs, while two days in 

 - 20° C. [- 5° F.] may have a harmful effect, and if this temperature 

 is maintained for ten days, the stored eggs become worthless. On 

 the other hand, if a temperature as low as 0° C. [32° F.] is maintained 

 for very long, until in fact the eggs are required for hatching, it may 

 seriously affect development. An intermittent temperature of - 20° C. 

 [- 5° F.] may not injure the eggs. On the whole the eggs should 

 be stored at temperatures between 5° C. [40° F.] and 0° C. [32° F.]. 



NisHiKAWA (I.). Kasan no Gai-teki ni Kwansuru Kenkyu, I. [Studies 

 on the Enemies of the Silkworm. I.] — Dainihon SansMkwaiho 

 [Report of Japan Sericultural Association], Tokyo, xxviii, no. 324, 

 1st January 1919, pp. 50-59, 6 figs. 



The author has discovered ten enemies of silkworms or their eggs, 

 which have not been previously recorded in this connection. Of 

 these, three are described in this paper, viz. : — the Orthopteron, 

 Diestrammena marmorata, de Haan, which devours stored eggs ; the 

 Noctuid moth, Aglossa dimidiata. Haw., the caterpillars of which 

 also feed on stored eggs ; and the Carabid beetle, Crossoglossa 

 latecincta, Bat., the larva of which bites the siU<:worm and sucks its 

 juices. 



Takahashi (S). Kaki oyobi Abura-giri no Dai-gai chu Kuroiraga ni 

 tsukite. [On a Black Limacodid very injurious to Persimmon 



and Aleurites.] — Byochugai Zasski [Journal of Plant Protection], 

 Tokyo, vi, no. 1, 5th January 1919, pp. 36-42, 1 fig. 



This moth, the caterpillar of which does serious injury to persimmon 

 and Aleurites cordata, has been previously recorded as having only 

 one annual generation, but the author believes it to be two-brooded. 

 The larvae that have hibernated pupate in May and adults emerge 

 at the end of that month. The new larvae mature at the beginning 

 of July and adults of the second generation make their appearance 

 between the beginning and middle of August. The resultant larvae 

 are mature in the middle of September and pass the \vinter within 

 the cocoon. 



The eggs are laid on the under-surface of the leaves of the lower 

 branches, in masses of about 700. The young larvae are gregarious 

 at first and feed only on the under-side of the leaf. After the 

 fourth instar they scatter, and devour the whole of the leaf-tissue. 

 It is not uncommon for trees to be entirely defoliated by them. 



As regards remedial measures, as the young larvae can easily be 

 detected, they should be collected and destroyed. The adult moths 

 rest on the lower branches, and must be searched for and captured. 

 The migrations of the larvae should be checked by means of barriers, 

 and the cocoons collected. Mixed plantations of persimmon and 

 Aleurites should be avoided. 



