107 



of days with a nearly constant average daily temperature, there is a 

 mass- emergence of the moths, so that the life of the adults occurs 

 within a restricted period and remedial measures are facilitated. 

 The summer generation is rather irregular, which explains the difficulty 

 experienced in combating it and the greater damage done. It is 

 supposed that the hibernating pupae are very sensitive to the rise 

 of temperature in spring and that this leads to the simultaneous 

 emergence of most of the adults, so that, except in the case of a few 

 individuals, the entire life-cycle occurs in May and June. In summer, 

 emergence is spread over a longer period, from July to September. 

 Owing to this and to the period of development of the two species not 

 being the same, there are present, at one and the same time, the mature 

 spring caterpillars and pupae of P. botrana and pupae, adults and 

 summer caterpillars of C. ambiguella. P. botrana is more common 

 in sunny, dry places where the temperature is rather high, while 

 C. ambiguella predominates in shady, cool situations. Owing to this 

 P. botrana appears at a later date than C. ambiguella in localities 

 where they occur together. Sticky papers and bait-traps are useful 

 for indicating the time of appearance of the moths. Infestation 

 is more severe in vines with abundant foliage, as the grapes are shaded, 

 giving rise to a close and damp condition that favours the pests. 



RoEPKE (W.). Entomologische Onderzoekingen. [Entomological 

 Research.] — Meded. Proef station Midden- Java, Sahtiga, no. 32, 

 [Report for 1917-1 918J, 1918, pp. 13-14. [Received 5th 

 December 1918.] 



The best means of combating Araecerus infesting stored coffee 

 consists in drying, heating and sorting the infested beans. Fumigation 

 with carbon bisulphide at the rate of 150 gms. per cubic metre is fatal 

 to this beetle ; Cojjea liberica is not notably discoloured and C. robusta 

 even less so. The aroma and taste of coffee from treated beans are not 

 affected. Fumigation with sulphiir di-oxide or hydrocyanic acid gas 

 and submerging the beans in water are not recommended. C. robusta 

 of inferior quality, such as is grown by the natives, is susceptible to 

 infestation. The species of Araecerus attacking mace and cacao is the 

 same as that infesting coffee, but the species infesting the pods of 

 Tephrosia and other Leguminosae does not attack coffee, nor does the 

 coffee beetle attack Leguminosae [see this Revieiv, Ser. A, vi, p. 2]. 



Cacao of good quality was infested by Lasioderma, while inferior 

 grades were attacked by Setoniorpha, Araecerus, Silvanus, Tribolium, 

 Carpophilus, etc. Fumigation with carbon bisulphide is advised 

 against these pests, and some estates have decided to erect fumigation 

 chambers. Hehpeltis and cacao moth [Acrocercops cramerelh] did 

 much damage in some places. On one estate some parasites of the 

 latter, chiefly Mesostenus sp., were bred and released, but up to the 

 time of writing no results had been recorded. 



VAN DER GooT (P.). Zur Kcniitnis der Blattlause Java's 



[A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Aphids of Java.] — 



Contributions a la Faune des hides Neerlandaises, Buitenzorg 



i, no. 3, 1917, pp. 1-301, 52 figs. 



This valuable monograph is the result of studies made diu-ing a 



residence of two years in Java. Owing to the absence of winter the 



(C545) b2 



