126 



can be found on the young leaves of oranges, lemons and similar 

 plants. The various stages are described. Many of the pupae are 

 parasitised by a small Chalcidid, Pteromalus caridei, which deposits 

 many eggs, as many as 20 being found within one pupal case. This 

 parasite is evidently a very effective check, as 98 per cent, of indivi- 

 duals of P. thoantvdes collected were found to be attacked. As this 

 parasite attacks P. ihoantiades exclusively, there is no danger in libera- 

 ting it wherever this butterfly is troublesome, while the collection of 

 parasitised pupae and the subsequent rearing of the parasite from them 

 is a simple matter. It is not definitely known whether the butterfly 

 is attacked in its larval or pupal stage, but probably in both, though 

 the parasites have always been found within the pupa. The adult 

 of P. caridei is described, and the importance of protecting and 

 propagating it wherever Citrus is cultivated is pointed out. 



Brethes (J.). La Polilla del Grano, Sifotroga cerealella. [Sitoiroga 

 cerealella, a Gi-ain Pest.] — Andes Soc. Rural Argentina, Buenos 

 Aires, lii, no. 10, October 1918, pp. 683-685. 6 figs. [Eeceived 

 22nd January 1919.] 



To the grain pests of South America previously recorded [see this 

 Review, Ser. A, vi, p. 548] the author adds an account of Sitotroga 

 cerealella., 01. The biology and habits of this moth are described 

 and the methods of fumigating against it with carbon bisulphide, 

 carbon tetrachloride and sulphurous anhydride given in the previous 

 paper are recapitulated. 



L'Agriculture Suisse en 1916. [Swiss Agriculture in 1916.] — Annuaire 

 Agricole de la Suisse, Berne, xix, 1918, pp. 266-285. 



In the Canton of Valais Clysia ambiguella was more in evidence 

 than elsewhere. Fruit tree pests included Anthonomus pomorum, 

 Hyponomeuta inalinellus and Cheimatohia hrumata. 



Treherne (R. C). Insect Control Work in British Columbia.— M/A/*/. 

 Bull. Cal. State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vii, no. 10, October 

 1918, p. 579. 



Since 1900 there have been about 12 distinct and separate outbreaks 

 of codling moth [Cydia pomonella] in British Columbia originating in 

 imported fruit, cars, or settler's effects. Seven of these outbreaks 

 were eradicated in from 1 to 2 years, other large ones taking longer, 

 the cost ranging between £2 and £4 per acre. The inspection system 

 began under an Act passed in 1895 and 1897, the great orchard develop- 

 ment taking place after 1909. Previous to this year there were only 

 8,000 acres of fruit in the whole Province, while at the present day 

 there are 40,000 acres, free from codling moth and San Jose scale 

 [Aspidiotus perniciosus], 



Ma8kew(F.). Quarantine Division. Report for the Month of September 



1918. — Mthly. Bull. Cal. State Commiss. Hortic, Sacramento, vii, 

 no. 10, October 1918, pp. 591-592. 



The following insect pests were intercepted during the month of 

 September : — From Central America : Pseudococcns sp., Aspidiotus 



