142 



The following species are described as new : — Aspidiotus ligusticuSy 

 on grape-vine ; Eulecanium piligerum on plum ; Pseudococcus dimi- 

 nutus on PJiormkmi tenax [New Zealand flax] ; P. notabilis on 

 Myoporum tuberculatum and Nicotiana sp. ; Ripersia silvestrii taken 

 from a nest of the ant, Plagiolepis pygmaea, Latr. ; and Eriococcus 

 cactearum on Cereus, Mamillaria, Echinopsis^ etc. 



Sarra (R.). Intorno ad un Imenottero Tentredinide {Cinibex 

 4-maculata, MtiU.) dannoso al Mandorlo. [A Tenthredinid, 

 Cimbex 4-maculata, injurious to the Almond.] — Boll. Lab. Zool. 

 Gen. Agrar. R. Scuola Sup. Agric. Portici, xii, 1917-1918, 

 pp. 275-286. [Received 6th January 1919.] 



Two sawflies, Eriocampoides limacina {Caliroa cerasi, L.) and 

 Cimbex quadrim^cidata, Miill., are injurious to the almond. The 

 former occasionally attacks almond trees when near cherry trees 

 infested by it, but does no serious harm, while the latter is exclusively 

 a pest of the almond. The various stages of Cimbex quadrimxiculata 

 are briefly described. It is found in central and south Em'ope and 

 in Asia Minor. In the Italian provinces of Potenza and Bari the 

 adult appears at the end of March and early in April, emerging from 

 the preceding year's cocoon. Mating occurs during the first fortnight 

 in April and oviposition takes place in mid-April, The eggs are 

 deposited in cuts made by the ovipositor on the upper surface of 

 the leaf. The slit within which the egg has been laid closes up, and 

 the larva hatches after an incubation period of 20-22 days and feeds 

 on the leaves. There are four moults. During the period between 

 mid-June to early July the larva builds its cocoon. The prepupal 

 stage is passed within the cocoon and the pupal stage, lasting about 

 a month, begins about the end of February of the following year. 



The most serious injury occurs in the case of young seedlings or 

 young graftings. Birds do not appear to prey upon the larvae of 

 C. quadrimaculata, which is however checked by two Ichneumonids, 

 Opheltes glaucopterus, L., and Lampronota melancholica., Grav. The 

 former parasitises about 20 per cent, of this sawfly and the latter about 

 25 per cent. Both of these parasites have one annual generation. 



The remedial measures advised are the collection of the larvae 

 infesting graftings and seedlings, or better, by a poison spray applied 

 in May. In the case of older plants these methods are too costly 

 and natural enemies must be relied on. 



SiLVESTRi (F.). Contribuzione alia Conoscenza dei Termitidi e Termi- 

 tofili dell' Africa occidentale. II. Termitofili. [A Contribution 

 to the Knowledge of the Termites and Termitophiles of Western 

 Africa. II. Termitophiles.] — Boll. Lab. Zool. Gen. Agrar. R. 

 Scuola Sup. Agric, Portici, xii, 1917-1918, pp. 287-346, 47 figs.. 

 [Received 6th January 1919.] 



A list is here given of the Protozoa, Nematodes, Crustacea, Arachnida 

 and insects associated with the following termites ■.— Crypiotermes 

 havilandi, Sjost., Glyptotermes parvulus, Sjost., Schedorliinotermes 

 putorius, Sjost., Coptotermes sjostedti, Holmgr., Termes bellicosus, 

 Smeath., Hamitermes nmcornifer, Silv., Cubitermes ocidatus. Silv., 

 and Microcerotermes fuscotibialis subsp. libericus, Rosen. 



