162 



In western Anatolia an average of 450,000-500,000 workers were 

 daily employed from March to May. The Cyprus system of barriers 

 was largely adopted and about 6,000 tons of eggs and 11,000 tons of 

 locusts were collected. Arsenic and Paris green were tried and suitable 

 baits Avere sawdust, chopped lucerne, chopped grass and cowdung, 

 salt being added to all of these. No practical results were obtained 

 with fungus diseases or bacterial infections. In the plains the losses 

 were reduced from 40-50 per cent, to 6-10 per cent. For 1917, 250 

 non-commissioned officers and 2,500 men were detailed as instructors 

 and 600,000 metres of zinc barriers and 50 tons of arsenic and Paris 

 green were ordered. 



BoLLOw ( — ). Drei markische Leucopis-Aiten aus Cocciden [EriopeUis) 

 an Festuca gezogen, [Three Species of Leucopis parasitising 

 Coccids {EriopeUis) on Festuca.] — Deidsch. Entom. Zeitschr., 1917, 

 pp. 173-174. (Abstract in Zeitschr. f. Pflanzenkrankh., Stuttgart, 

 xxviii, no. 5, 6th August 1918, p. 240.) 



In an infestation of Festuca sp. by EriopeUis lichtensteini, Sign., 

 about 60 per cent, of the scales were parasitised by several Chalcids 

 and hy Leucopis nigricornis, Egg. Leucopis annidipes, Zett., was bred 

 fi-om Eidecanimn {Lecanium) corni, Bch., and other scales, from the 

 gall of Cynips terminalis and from Hyalopterus arundinis, F. 

 A third species, L. puncticornis, Meig., was obtained from a scale 

 on Festuca, from galls of Rhabdophaga rosaria, L., and from Aphids. 



Fischer (C. E. C). Cause of the Spike Disease of Sandal (Santalum 

 album). — Indian Forester, Allahabad, xliv, no. 12, December 1918, 

 pp. 570-575. 



A sound working hypothesis of the cause of spike disease in sandal 

 is that it is due to ultra-microscopic organisms which either prevent 

 the formation of the necessary starch-converting enzyme, or at least 

 inhibit its action. The fact that the disease may appear at a distance, 

 leaving an intervening area uninfected, necessitates the further 

 supposition that it is disseminated by winged sucking insects, a view 

 that has been held since 1904. 



WiLLcocKS (F. C). The Insect and Related Pests of Egypt. Volume I. 

 The Insect and Related Pests Injurious to the Cotton Plant. 

 Part I. The Pink Bollworm. — Sultanic Agric. Soc, Cairo, 1916, 

 339 pp., 10 plates, 17 figs. [Received 3rd February 1919.] 



The present volume is intended to form the first of three dealing 

 with the insect pests of Eg5rpt and has been published in advance of 

 any other part of the material collected in view of the importance 

 assumed during recent years in Egypt by the pink bollworm 

 Pectinophora (Gelechia) gossypiella. It is impossible in the present 

 state of knowledge regarding this moth to give anything approaching 

 a complete account of its life-history and habits ; the present report 

 only claims to be a preliminary discussion of the pink boDworm 

 problem in Egypt, giving the author's view of the question. Artificial 

 means of control are discussed at length [see this Review, Ser. A, ii, 

 218, 324, iii, 505, iv, 230, 472, 491, vi, 42]. 



