182 



protective collar made of empty cacao shells. On lawns, where they 

 "were very destructive, soap and water was poured into the holes and 

 many were caught as they emerged. Trap-lights were tried without 

 success and poison-bait did not materially reduce the numbers. The 

 cotton stainer [Dysdercus] was not numerous and was controlled by 

 trapping and hand-picking. 



Lathrop (F. H.). The Rose Leaf-Hopper {Typhlocyba rosae, L.). — 

 New York Agric. Expt. Sta., Geneva. N.Y., Circ. no. 55, 10th Mav 

 1917, 3 pp., 2 plates, 3 figs. [Received 13th February 1919.] 



Typhlocyba rosae, L. (rose leaf-hopper) occurs 'almost wherever roses 

 are grown in Europe and America. The eggs are deposited in late 

 autumn just beneath the bark of mature stems and pass the winter 

 in this stage. About the middle of May when rose leaves have become 

 well developed, the eggs hatch and the nymphs upon emergence 

 at once migrate to the under-side of the leaves where they feed. 

 By the end of May the nymph has moulted five times and the adult 

 insect appears. There are two, and possibly three, generations in the 

 course of a summer. The adults of the first generation leave the 

 rose to a large extent and migrate to other plants, where the lat?r 

 generations are produced. Both nymphs and adults puncture the 

 tissues of the leaves, producing minute white spots that are apparent 

 on the upper surface of the leaf. Crimson rambler and other varieties 

 of roses are liable to severe injury, and many other plants, including 

 apple, cherry and many small fruits are attacked. Predaceous and 

 parasitic enemies greatly reduce the numbers of this pest ; these 

 include spiders, birds, and an egg-parasite. When it is necessary 

 to resort to artificial measures, roses should be thoroughly sprayed 

 while the insect is in the nymphal stage, using f pint nicotine 

 sulphate and 5 lb. soap to 100 gals, water. These applications should 

 be made from the time of hatching to the end of May, preferably 

 while the nymphs are iiuite young and before the foliage has been 

 damaged. 



Hartzell (F.Z.). The Cherry Leaf-Beetle. —iVeiy York Agric. Expt. 

 Sta., Geneva, N.Y., Bull. no. 444, December 1917, pp. 749-820, 

 8 plates, 8 figs. [Received 13th February 1919.] 



The bulk of the information concerning Galerucella cavicoUis (cherry 

 leaf beetle) contained in this bulletin has previously been noticed [see 

 this Revieiv, Ser. A, iv, pp. 173, 309, and 34 ij. Factors mentioned 

 as influencing the natural control of the beetles are the drowning of 

 adults that may be blown in numbers into large bodies of Vv'ater, as 

 was the case in 1915, when millions of beetles were drowned in Lake 

 Erie, and reforestation, which decreases the amount of the bird-cherry, 

 the princioal food-plant. Natural enemies of G. cavicoUis include the 

 Carabid beetle, Lehia ornata, Say, and the cedar wax- wing, Bomhycella 

 cedorum, Vieill. 



Lathrop (F. H.). Leaf-hoppers injurious to Apple TTees.—New Y&rk 

 Agric. Expt. Sta., Geneva, N.Y.. Bull. no. 451, September 1918, 

 pp. 185-200, 4 plates. [Received 13th February 1919.] 



Apple trees in New York are especially subject to attack by three 

 species of leaf-hoppers, namely, Empoasca mali, Le B., E. unicolor, 



