216 



rate of 1 U.S. pint to 100 U.S. gals, water to which 5 lb. soap has 

 been added. Cutting the foliage close to the ground in winter and 

 burning it has also been suggested as a means of destroying over- 

 wintering pupae. Up to the present this miner has been found only 

 in Iris kaempferi. 



Agrilus sinuatus, Oliv. (sinuate pear borer) is a European insect, 

 the life-cycle of which occupies two years and which was first dis- 

 covered in New Jersey in 1894 [see this Review, Ser. A, iv, p. 273]. 



Idiocerus cognatus, Fieb. (white poplar leaf-hopper) has been found 

 at several places in New Jersey since 1917 on white poplar {Populus 

 alba) in nurseries, having probably been introduced in the egg-stage 

 with this tree. The eggs are deposited during the latter part of July, 

 usually in the terminal twigs ; hence all the new wood is likely to con- 

 tain eggs, and these are most plentiful in the last foot of the twig 

 and less so towards the base and extreme tip. Hibernation takes 

 place in the egg-stage and the nymphs emerge from the middle to the 

 end of May, making their way at once to the unfolding tender leaves 

 at the tips of the twigs. There are 5 nymphal stages, each occupying 

 from 3 to 6 days, the bulk of the adults appearing during the end 

 of June and beginning of July. There is only one generation a year, 

 the adults being found in diminishing numbers throughout August 

 till October. The presence of many nymphs on the young leaves 

 causes a certain amount of injury by malformation. 



A Chrysomelid beetle, Zeugophora scutellaris, SufFr. (poplar 

 leaf -miner); occurs in Central Europe and is also present in 

 several localities in the United States, but never in numbers 

 considered injurious. The adult beetle feeds on the foliage of poplar 

 {Pojndus deltoides) and the larvae mine in the leaves. The adults, 

 which appear in June, feed on the terminal leaves, skeletonising them 

 from the lower surface. Eggs are deposited on the leaves and the 

 larvae mine the tissue during July, each mine usually containing 

 one larva, though there may be as many as four. By the first week 

 in August they are mature and drop to the soil to pupate. Spraying 

 with lead arsenate while the beetles are feeding is recommended 

 as a remedial measure, care being taken to coat the lower leaf 

 surfaces. 



Eumerus strigatus, Fall, (lunate onion fly) was first definitely recorded 

 from New Jersey during the spring of 1918^ having evidently been 

 introduced in bulbs from Holland, where this Syrphid is a pest of 

 narcissus, hyacinth and onion, especially the first. The flies appear 

 in May and June flying low on bright sunny days, and they may be 

 captured on the flowers of various plants. Eggs are laid on the 

 bases of the leaves and the larvae enter the nose of the bulb, sometimes 

 to the number of from 10 to 30, and feed in the interior, which soon 

 becomes decayed. Pupation takes place in the outside layers or at 

 the nose of the bulb during August, and a second brood of flies, of which 

 little is known, apparently occurs in September and October. In 

 Holland, the destruction of infested bulbs seems to be the usual 

 remedial measure. 



Calophya nigripennis, Riley (sumac Psyllid) is not seriously in- 

 jurious, but should control be necessary, the application of tobacco 

 extract and soap is suggested, care being taken to reach both leaf 

 surfaces and the woody stems [see this Review, Ser. A, vii, p. 119]. 



