284 



are equally effective in laboraixjry tests. Field tests showed even 

 better results. Apparently prompt treatment with a suitable insec- 

 ticide will control the pest, but the question of economy in spraying 

 and the possible results to the tree will need thorough investigation, 

 A serious problem is the attack on apples by the late broods ; this seems 

 to afford one of the principal means of survival of the over-wintering 

 individuals, at least in young trees adjacent to apple orchards. So 

 long as fruit is not placed under quarantine, the spread of infestation 

 cannot be checked, for infested fruit is a greater danger than nursery 

 stock. While the pest conforms to its present habits, however, no 

 great danger from it is feared. 



In the course of the discussion following the paper it was stated 

 that the localities in the eastern States in which the pest occurs have 

 been determined by inspection. The same type of injury found in 

 many other localities is attributable to Anarsia lineatella. Attention 

 is drawn to the difference in injury to peach twigs by C. molesta and 

 the tarnished plant bug [Lygus pratensis], the twigs attacked by the 

 former insect being always hollowed out. 



Sanders (J. G.). An European Scale Insect becoming a Menace in 

 Pennsylvania. — Jl. Econ. Entom., Concord, N.H., xii, no. 1, 

 February 1919, pp. 90-91, 1 fig. 



The scale-insect, Eulecanium {Lecanium) prunastri, Boy., which 

 is probably a native of China, has recently become established in 

 Pennsylvania in rather widely-scattered localities. Its principal food- 

 plants are peach, sweet cherry and apricot, and the damage it does 

 is sufficiently serious to cause alarm to fruit-growers. Some branches 

 of peach have become so thickly covered with the scale that they 

 become dwarfed and eventually die. In orchards where the customary 

 winter dormant spray with lime-sulphur is given, the scale has not 

 assumed dangerous proportions. On a specimen of plum from China, 

 L. prunastri was found associated with Aulacaspis {Diaspis) pentagona. 



Caffrey (D. J.). The European Corn Borer Problem.— JZ. Econ. 

 Entom., Concord, N.H., xii, no. 1, February 1919, pp. 92-105. 



Pyrausta nuhilalis, Hbn. (European corn borer) was first discovered 

 in Massachusetts in July 1917 [see this Review, Ser. A, vi, pp. 373, 554], 

 and then occurred in an area of approximately 100 square miles, while 

 it is now present over about 320 square miles. It is believed that 

 this is one of the most serious plant pests that has yet been introduced 

 into the United States, and its menace to the maize-growing industry 

 in such States as Kansas, Illinois, Ohio, Indiana, etc., constitutes a 

 serious problem of national importance. Food-plants in Massachu- 

 setts are sweet, field and fodder maize, celery, beans, potatoes, Swis? 

 chard, beets, spinach, dahlias, gladiolus, chrysanthemums and several 

 of the larger weeds and grasses. Although maize is the preferred 

 food, the variety of other host-plants has enabled the pest to become 

 established throughout the infested area and greatly complicates the 

 problem of control and of preventing further spread. P. nuhilalis 

 passes the winter as a full-grown or nearly full-grown caterpillar 

 within tunnels in the host- plant. It resumes feeding in the warm 

 weather of April or May and pupates about the middle of May within 



