333 



parasites of the eggs which are of great importance in reducing the 

 numbers. Mantids, Asilids and Odonata destroy both injurious and 

 beneficial insects. 



The influence of the present methods of wattle cultivation on the 

 presence, spread and abundance of wattle insects is discussed, and 

 the best methods of preparing the ground, planting and spacing, 

 cultivating, felling and stripping, and burning are explained. 



A detailed account is given of the wattle bagworm, Chalioides 

 {Acanthopsyche) junodi, Heylaerts, which is considered the most 

 dangerous pest of black wattle [see this Review, Ser. A, i, p. 303, ii, p. 

 84, V, pp. 378 and 547, etc.]. Various Ichneumonids and parasitic 

 flies help to check the increase of this bagworm, while predaceous 

 enemies and a fungus disease also reduce its numbers, but these do 

 not in themselves constitute a sufficient control. A poison-dust con- 

 sisting of Paris green and lime (1 : 10), or lead arsenate in the same pro- 

 portion, kills respectively 76 and 70 per cent, of the bagworms when 

 evenly applied wnth a dusting machine, about 100 lb. per acre being 

 used. It is thought that a combination of the trap method, with the 

 object of slowly reducing the total number of bagworms over a large 

 area, with dusting to prevent the damage on special plots, will prove 

 to be the solution of the problem of controlling this pest. 



RiGNEY (J. W.) & FiTE (A. B.). Nine Year Band Record of the Codling 



Moth. — New Mex'co Agric. Expt. /S7a., State College, Bull. no. 110 

 (Technical), March 1918, 60 pp., 20 figs. [Received 3rd June 1919.] 



The codling moth [Cydia pomonella] continues to be one of the worst 

 pests of apples in New Mexico, especially in the warm and favourable 

 conditions in the lower irrigated valleys. As little was known of the 

 life-history in these localities, investigations have been carried on for a 

 number of years. In the year 1907, when the work began, an unusually 

 severe and late frost destroyed almost all the fruit in the valley. An 

 experiment was then tried of destroying all the apples left in order to 

 starve the codling moth and ascertain, if possible, whether this would 

 permanently eradicate the pest in the valley. The result was a very 

 heavy crop in 1908, and about 90 per cent, of sound fruit in 1909, 

 but by the end of 1910 the orchards were as badly infested as ever. 



Particulars of the banding experiments are given and the results 

 shown in a series of tables, while charts show the daily morning and 

 evening life-curves compiled from observation of the larvae under the 

 bands, daily double-band records and weekly life-curves. The effect 

 of rain and temperature on the movement of larvae was not very 

 pronounced, though on the whole fewer larvae were caught imme- 

 diately following heavy rain or a decided drop in temperature. Bands 

 of dark-coloured cloth attracted more larvae than light-coloured ones. 

 About three times as many larvae get under the bands in the night as 

 in the day-time. The double-band records show that many more 

 larvae crawl down the trees and under the upper bands than were 

 caught under the lower ones. In examining windfallen fruit, 55"4 

 per cent, were found to be infested, 80 per cent, of the larvae having 

 left the apples before they fell. It is estimated that from the 114 



